Subject-specific computer simulation model for determining elbow loading in one-handed tennis backhand groundstrokes

Abstract

A subject-specific angle-driven computer model of a tennis player, combined with a forward dynamics, equipment-specific computer model of tennis ball/racket impacts was developed to determine the effect of ball/racket impacts on loading at the elbow for onehanded backhand groundstrokes. Matching subject-specific computer simulations of a typical topspin/slice one-handed backhand groundstroke performed by an elite tennis player were determined with root mean square differences between performance and matching simulations of less than 0.5 º over a 50 ms period starting from ball impact. Simulation results suggest that for similar ball/racket impact conditions, the difference in elbow loading for a topspin and slice one-handed backhand groundstroke is relatively small. In this study, the relatively small differences in elbow loading may be due to comparable angle-time histories at the wrist and elbow joints with the major kinematic differences occurring at the shoulder. Using a subject-specific angle-driven computer model combined with a forward dynamics, equipment-specific computer model of tennis ball/racket impacts allows peak internal loading, net impulse and shock due to ball/racket impact to be calculated which would not otherwise be possible without impractical invasive techniques. This study provides a basis for further investigation of the factors that may increase elbow loading during tennis strokes.

The effect of ball impact location on racket and forearm joint angle changes for one-handed tennis backhand groundstrokes

“…The location of ball impact on the racket face (string bed) has a direct effect on the racket / arm motion during tennis strokes with off-centre impacts frequently occurring (Elliott, 1982;Knudson, 1993;Knudson, 1991a;Hennig 2007). Furthermore, off-centre impacts away from the longitudinal axis of the racket result in less accurate rebounds (Knudson, 1993) and could contribute to elbow pain, especially in one-handed tennis backhands (Bernhang et al, 1974;Knudson, 1991b;Hennig et al, 1992;Giangarra et al, 1993;Roetert et al, 1995;Knudson and Blackwell 1997;Glynn et al, 2007;King et al, 2011;.…”

Evaluation of a computational model to predict elbow range of motion

“…Sophisticated models for the prediction of elbow joint kinematics have been reported previously in the literature [ 8–16 ]. Some models are limited to hinge-like movement [ 8–11 , 13 , 15 ], while others allow full three-dimensional (3D) kinematics as a function of subject-specific contact geometry and soft tissue constraint [ 14 , 16 ]. None of these models, however, have been directly evaluated through comparison with companion experimental results.…”

Analisis Perubahan Momentum Tubuh Bagian Atas Pada Saat Pukulan Tennis One-Handed Backhand Drive

“…Selain itu, selama rangkaian gerak pukulan backhand drive satu tangan, kecepatan rotasi pinggul (hip rotation) sebagai pusat rotasi tubuh memberikan kontribusi yang signifikan terhadap kecepatan gerak persendian tubuh bagian atas (upper limb joint) (Mavvidis et al, 2005). Kecepatan maksimal lengan bawah (forearm) dan tangan (hand) pada fase akselerasi akan menghasilkan stabilitas gaya dorong ke depan yang lebih besar yang berdampak terhadap kecepatan siku (elbow velocity) dan kecepatan putaran rotasi bahu (shoulder rotation) yang lebih besar dengan lengan momen rotasi yang lebih panjang dari pusat masa tubuh (King et al, 2011). Selanjutnya, Reid & Duffield, (2014) melaporkan dalam kajian backhand tennis bahwa kecepatan raket menurun sekitar 10% sebelum impact terjadi, apabila akselerasi raket saat benturan dengan bola terlalu cepat, maka akan mengakibatkan "tennis elbow" yang diakibatkan dari gerak ektensi pergelangan tangan (wrist extension) yang terlalu kuat.…”