Subharmonic Route to Chaos Observed in Acoustics

Lauterborn, Werner; Cramer, Eckehart

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.47.1445

Cited by 202 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…59 The matter of turbulent acoustic streaming is important because it is key to explaining how very high frequency acoustic excitation can result in such low-frequency acoustic capillary waves, especially when there is no known mechanism to drive a subharmonic cascade in the capillary waves themselves. Unlike the capillary wave phenomena, a large-scale subharmonic cascade is possible in a turbulent jet, 55,56,58 and this appears to underlie the driving of low-frequency capillary waves by the very high frequency boundary vibration. The SAW-driven generation of turbulent acoustic streaming in improving mixing in drops with geometries similar to those in this study has been shown to appear over a wide range of viscosities and powers, 9 indicating how the bulk of the entire drop becomes turbulent through acoustic streaming.…”

Section: ■ Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microscale Capillary Wave Turbulence Excited by High Frequency Vibration

Blamey

Yeo²,

Friend

2013

Langmuir

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Low frequency (O(10 Hz−10 kHz)) vibration excitation of capillary waves has been extensively studied for nearly two centuries. Such waves appear at the excitation frequency or at rational multiples of the excitation frequency through nonlinear coupling as a result of the finite displacement of the wave, most often at one-half the excitation frequency in so-called Faraday waves and twice this frequency in superharmonic waves. Less understood, however, are the dynamics of capillary waves driven by high-frequency vibration (>O(100 kHz)) and small interface length scales, an arrangement ideal for a broad variety of applications, from nebulizers for pulmonary drug delivery to complex nanoparticle synthesis. In the few studies conducted to date, a marked departure from the predictions of classical Faraday wave theory has been shown, with the appearance of broadband capillary wave generation from 100 Hz to the excitation frequency and beyond, without a clear explanation. We show that weak wave turbulence is the dominant mechanism in the behavior of the system, as evident from wave height frequency spectra that closely follow the Rayleigh−Jeans spectral response η ≈ ω −17/12 as a consequence of a period-halving, weakly turbulent cascade that appears within a 1 mm water drop whether driven by thickness-mode or surface acoustic Rayleigh wave excitation. However, such a cascade is one-way, from low to high frequencies. The mechanism of exciting the cascade with high-frequency acoustic waves is an acoustic streaming-driven turbulent jet in the fluid bulk, driving the fundamental capillary wave resonance through the well-known coupling between bulk flow and surface waves. Unlike capillary waves, turbulent acoustic streaming can exhibit subharmonic cascades from high to low frequencies; here it appears from the excitation frequency all the way to the fundamental modes of the capillary wave at some four orders of magnitude in frequency less than the excitation frequency, enabling the capillary weakly turbulent wave cascade to form from the fundamental capillary wave upward.

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Section: ■ Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microscale Capillary Wave Turbulence Excited by High Frequency Vibration

Blamey

Yeo²,

Friend

2013

Langmuir

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“…Contrary to the highly reproducible characteristics of single bubble cavitation, multiple bubbles are difficult to characterize since the bubble size distribution is constantly changing and bubbles do not cavitate always in phase with the driving frequency (period doubling and chaotic behaviors are reported in the literature (Lauterborn & Cramer, 1981;Cabeza et al, 1998)). However, the overall multiple bubble activity can be quantified by measuring the total SL intensity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sonoluminescence and sonochemiluminescence from a microreactor

Rivas

Ashokkumar

Leong

et al. 2012

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry

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Micromachined pits on a substrate can be used to nucleate and stabilize microbubbles in a liquid exposed to an ultrasonic field. Under suitable conditions, the collapse of these bubbles can result in light emission (sonoluminescence, SL). Hydroxyl radicals (OH . ) generated during bubble collapse can react with luminol to produce light (sonochemiluminescence, SCL). SL and SCL intensities were recorded for several regimes related to the pressure amplitude (low and high acoustic power levels) at a given ultrasonic frequency (200 kHz) for pure water, and aqueous luminol and propanol solutions. Various arrangements of pits were studied, with the number of pits ranging from no pits (comparable to a classic ultrasound reactor), to three-pits. Where there was more than one pit present, in the high pressure regime the ejected microbubbles combined into linear (two-pits) or triangular (three-pits) bubble clouds (streamers). In all situations where a pit was present on the substrate, the SL was intensified and increased with the number of pits at both low and high power levels. For imaging SL emitting regions, Argon (Ar) saturated water was used under similar conditions. SL emission from aqueous propanol solution (50 mM) provided evidence of transient bubble cavitation. Solutions containing 0.1 mM luminol were also used to demonstrate the radical production by attaining the SCL emission regions.

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“…When sound of high intensity is passed through a liquid, the liquid may rupture, giving rise to the phenomenon of acoustic cavitation, whereby bubbles appear and are set into complicated motions. The analysis of this phenomenon has revealed that acoustic cavitation is a chaotic system [Lauterborn & Cramer, 1981;Smith et al, 1982;Lauterborn & Holzfuss, 1986Holzfuss & Lauterborn, 1989]. Moreover, it is a complex, spatio-temporal …”

Section: Acousticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experiments-done to^mprove the material available from Esche's work led to the observation of a perioddoubling sequence to broadband noise when the sound intensity of the driving sound field was raised [Lauterborn & Cramer, 1981], as well as other sequences hard to classify (see ). In these experiments, water had been used as a liquid.…”

Section: Acoustic Chaos In Ultrasonic Cavitation 31 Historical Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

2000 Physical Acoustics Summer School (PASS 00). Volume III: Background Materials

Bass¹,

Furr²

2001

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Subharmonic Route to Chaos Observed in Acoustics

Cited by 202 publications

References 20 publications

Microscale Capillary Wave Turbulence Excited by High Frequency Vibration

Microscale Capillary Wave Turbulence Excited by High Frequency Vibration

Sonoluminescence and sonochemiluminescence from a microreactor

2000 Physical Acoustics Summer School (PASS 00). Volume III: Background Materials

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