Subgross Investigation of Vessels Originating from Arcus Aortae in Guinea‐Pig (Cavia porcellus)

Abstract

The vessels that originate from the aortic arch were studied in 16 adult guinea-pigs. Two major vessels, the left subclavian artery and the brachiocephalic trunk, were easily identified as they were branching off from the aortic arch. The brachiocephalic trunk, at first branched off to the left common carotid artery and continued as a common trunk, which was then divided into the right subclavian artery and the right common carotid artery. The left subclavian artery branched off to the following vessels: the costacervical trunk, the internal thoracic artery, a common trunk from which the dorsal scapular artery and the vertebral artery originated, and the superficial cervical artery. The right subclavian artery branched off to the bronchoesophageal artery (in five cadavers), the caudal thyroid artery (in three cadavers) and the tracheal artery (in three cadavers) in addition to the above vessels. There were two vertebral arteries branching off to the right subclavian artery in all dissected cadavers. However, only 10 cadavers had two vertebral arteries originating from the left subclavian artery. The first vertebral artery originated from the common trunk, whereas the second vertebral artery arose from the dorsal scapular artery. The second vertebral artery entered the foramen transversarium of the seventh cervical vertebrae and anastomosed with the first vertebral artery just before entering the foramen transversarium of the sixth cervical vertebrae.

A macroanatomical study of the arcus aortae in the fox (Vulpes vulpes)

“…In reports by Atalar et al (11) and Oto et al (14), it was stated that in the hedgehog and spiny mouse the arteria subclavia dextra and arteria carotis communis dextra have their origin at the truncus brachiocephalicus. Furthermore, previous studies report that, in the guinea pig (9,15), rabbit (7), chinchilla (8), squirrel (10), and Kangal dog (13), initially the arteria carotis communis sinistra is given off by the truncus brachiocephalicus, and later the artery divides into the arteria subclavia dextra and arteria carotis communis dextra. In the present study, it was observed that the ramification of the truncus brachiocephalicus in the fox was similar to that in the guinea pig, rabbit, chinchilla, squirrel, and Kangal dog.…”

Origem e distribuição das principais artérias do membro torácico de Cuniculus paca (Linnaeus, 1766)

“…carótidas comuns, esquerda e direita, e a. subclávia direita, assemelhando-se também às descrições alusivas a outros roedores como cobaia, chinchila, nutria e mocó (Greene 1955, Cooper & Schiller 1975, Kabak & Haziroglu 2003, Araújo et al 2004, Magalhães et al 2007, Campos et al 2010). Na cutia (Carvalho et al 1993) e na capivara (Culau et al 2007), o padrão mais frequentemente observado entre os animais estudados foi o arco aórtico emitindo apenas um ramo, o tronco braquiocefálico, que por sua vez origina a a. subclávia esquerda, a a. carótida comum esquerda e um tronco que dará origem as aa.…”

“…Para os demais roedores, as descrições na literatura referem grande variação na origem e ramificação das aa. subclávias direita e esquerda mesmo dentro da mesma espécie; porém, em todos esses animais, assim como na paca, a a. axilar é o ramo terminal da a. subclávia, seja no antímero direito ou esquerdo (Greene 1955, Cooper & Schiller 1975, Carvalho et al 1993, Kabak & Haziroglu 2003, Araújo et al 2004, Magalhães et al 2007, Campos et al 2010, Culau et al 2007.…”

The arteries of the brain base in the degu (Octodon degus Molina 1782)

“…Such a brain blood supply type has been defined as type III. Indeed, vertebral arteries play a decisive role and are often the only means of supplying blood to the brain in all representatives of infraorder Hystricognathi investigated so far, such as the guinea pig (Kabak and Haziroglu 2003), coypu (Azambuja 2006) and capybara (Reckziegel et al 2001). In such a mode of blood supply the basilar cerebral artery, at the height of the anterior border of the pons is divided into two terminal branches, the location of which correspond to that of caudal communicating arteries and are therefore referred to as such in the literature.…”