Subgrade Resilient Modulus Correction for Saturation Effects

Drumm, Eric C.; Reeves, Jason S.; Madgett, Mark R.; Trolinger, William D.

doi:10.1061/(asce)1090-0241(1997)123:7(663)

Cited by 133 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…remolded) samples (e.g. Chu et al, 1977;Drumm et al, 1997). They state that the soil requires a considerable time to equilibrate, even for high permeability soils.…”

Section: Modeling Field Conditions and Sample States In The Laboratorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclic Triaxial Tests on Clay Subgrades for Analytical Pavement Design

2004

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To introduce a performance specification, pavement foundations must be designed using analytical methods incorporating the laboratory measured parameters of resilient elastic modulus and resistance to permanent deformation of the subgrade and foundation materials. This paper presents results from a program of repeated load triaxial tests performed on a range of fine-grained subgrades prepared in a number of states to evaluate these parameters for various design conditions. The results highlight several difficulties in measuring small strains on 'undisturbed' soils over a large strain range and in predicting and modeling long-term behavior.However testing at higher strains has shown that the deviator stress at which the cumulative permanent deformation starts to increase significantly, termed the 'threshold stress', approximates to 50% of the deviator stress at failure. In addition, the resilient modulus of the soils is shown to approach a low asymptotic value at higher deviator stress. Comparison between elastic and plastic behavior shows that the deviator stress at 'threshold' coincides with the stiffness asymptote. Using these correlations a simplified mechanistic design method for pavement foundations is proposed.

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“…remolded) samples (e.g. Chu et al, 1977;Drumm et al, 1997). They state that the soil requires a considerable time to equilibrate, even for high permeability soils.…”

Section: Modeling Field Conditions and Sample States In The Laboratorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclic Triaxial Tests on Clay Subgrades for Analytical Pavement Design

2004

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“…In the subgrade layer, increased water content can significantly influence the decrease in resilient modulus. An increase in the water content from 27.1% to 30.1% can reduce the subgrade modulus by almost 50% [87]. A high water content in the subgrade later can lead to progressive shear failure.…”

Section: Track Bed and Subgrade Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

State-of-the-Art Review of Railway Track Resilience Monitoring

2018

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Abstract:In recent years, railway systems have played a significant role in transportation systems due to the demand increase in conveying both cargo and passengers. Due to the harsh environments and severe loading conditions, caused by the traffic growth, heavier axles and vehicles and increase in speed, railway tracks are at risk of degradation and failure. Condition monitoring has been widely used to support the health assessment of civil engineering structures and infrastructures. In this context, it was adopted as a powerful tool for an objective assessment of the railway track behaviour by enabling real-time data collection, inspection and detection of structural degradation. According to relevant literature, a number of sensors can be used to monitor track behaviour during the train passing under harsh environments. This paper presents a review of sensors used for structural monitoring of railway track infrastructure, as well as their application to sense the performance of different track components during extreme events. The insight into track monitoring for railways serving traffic with extreme features will not only improve the track inspection and damage detection but also enable a predictive track maintenance regime in order to assist the decision-making process towards more cost-effective management in the railway industry.

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“…f. Drumm et al (1997) modeled the change of the resilient modulus with respect to postcompaction saturation and presented the following model. Deviator stress…”

Section: Models For the Resilient Modulus Of Cohesive Subgradesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Heavier Truck Loadings amd Super-Single Tires on Subgrades

Salgado¹,

Kim²

2002

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Prepared in cooperation with the Indiana Department of Transportation and Federal Highway Administration. AbstractDue to their efficiency and economy, super-single tires have gradually been replacing conventional dual tires in the trucking industry. According to recent studies, super-single tires generate much higher vertical contact stresses than do conventional dual tires, resulting in larger deformations and more severe damage to the subgrade. In order to better assess the higher stresses generated by super-single tires and their effect on the subgrade, analyses are done taking into account soil plasticity rather than simple elastic analysis. In this study, the effects of super-single tires on subgrades for typical road cross-sections are investigated using plane-strain (2D) and 3D static and dynamic finite element analyses. The analyses focus on the sand and clay subgrades rather than on asphalt and base layers. The subgrades are modeled as saturated in order to investigate the effects of porewater pressures under the most severe conditions. The analyses suggest that current flexible pavement design methods are unconservative for the increased loads imposed by super-single tires on the pavement system. Load Equivalent Factors (LEF) and damage factors for super-single tires are suggested for use of those values in design practice. The effects of overlay and subgrade improvement are investigated in order to mitigate the higher strains generated by super-single tire loadings in the subgrade. Subgrade improvement allows decreasing the adverse effects of super-single tires on the subgrades. FE analyses are also done in order to assess the performance of the Indiana typical pavements for the super-heavy loads (occurred in Texas during 1990s). This investigation is to evaluate how much plastic strain by super-heavy loads occurs in the subgrade and asphalt layers as compared with the super-single tire loadings. Key Wordssuper-single tires, subgrades, flexible pavement, finite element analysis, soil plasticity, porewater pressure, contact stress, overlay, subgrade improvement TECHNICAL SummaryTechnology Transfer and Project Implementation Information TRB Subject Code:62-7 Soil Foundation Subgrades November 2002 Publication No.: FHWA/IN/JTRP-2002/20, SPR-2402 Final Report Effects of Heavier Truck Loadings and Super-Single Tires on Subgrades IntroductionIn the last two decades, use of supersingle tires has slightly increased, with the aim of improving efficiency and economy. Since the contact stresses generated by super-single tires are higher than those of conventional dual tires, this change has caused concern about possible damage to pavements designed based on the current design methods. The higher the contact stresses on the pavement surface, the larger the subgrade deformation, and the more severe the damage to the subgrade.In order to investigate the effects of super-single tire loadings on subgrades for typical Indiana road cross-sections, static and dynamic finite element analyses were performed taking into...

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Subgrade Resilient Modulus Correction for Saturation Effects

Cited by 133 publications

References 5 publications

Cyclic Triaxial Tests on Clay Subgrades for Analytical Pavement Design

Cyclic Triaxial Tests on Clay Subgrades for Analytical Pavement Design

State-of-the-Art Review of Railway Track Resilience Monitoring

Effects of Heavier Truck Loadings amd Super-Single Tires on Subgrades

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