Subetta Treatment Increases Adiponectin Secretion by Mature Human AdipocytesIn Vitro

Abstract

Purpose. To investigate the mechanism of action in peripheral tissues of novel complex drug containing release-active dilutions of antibodies to the beta subunit of the insulin receptor and antibodies to endothelial nitric oxide synthase (Subetta), which has shown efficacy in animal models of diabetes. Methods. Human mature adipocytes were incubated either with Subetta, with one of negative controls (placebo or vehicle), with one of nonspecific controls (release-active dilutions of antibodies to cannabinoid receptor type I or release-active dilutions of rabbit nonimmune serum), or with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) at 37°C in a humidified incubator at 5% CO2 for three days. Rosiglitazone was used as reference drug. Secretion of adiponectin was measured by quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results. Only Subetta significantly stimulates adiponectin production by mature human adipocytes. Nonspecific controls did not significantly affect adiponectin secretion, resulting in adiponectin levels comparable to background values of the negative controls and DMSO. Conclusion. Increasing adiponectin production in absence of insulin by Subetta probably via modulating effect on the beta subunit of the insulin receptor might serve as one of the mechanisms of the antidiabetic effect of this drug. These in vitro results give first insight on possible mechanism of action of Subetta and serve as a background for further studies.

The Spatial Homeostasis Hypothesis

“…First of all, we were interested in practical research of the discovered phenomenon, including its molecular mechanisms (for example, [29][30][31][32]). Ultimately, our studies lead to the development of a new group of drugs based on "high dilutions" of antibodies: "released-active" antibodies.…”

Some Aspects of Nonlinearity and Self-Organization In Biosystems on Examples of Localized Excitations in the DNA Molecule and Generalized Fisher–KPP Model

“…Some experimental studies indicate an effect of released activity (RA), implying that highly diluted active substances are capable of exerting modifying activity on their targets [57][58][59][60][61]. The physical mechanisms of RA are poorly studied, since small physical effects in highly diluted solutions are difficult to detect by physical and chemical methods, but lead to pronounced biological effects.…”

“…In this connection, a number of phenomena discovered experimentally can be of interest as a means of construction of mathematical models. An example is the investigation of the RA, annotated in [57][58][59][60][61]. The physical basis of this phenomenon is currently not clear, and the specificity of the phenomenon needs further research both at the structural and functional levels.…”

Promising pharmacological targets for the treatment of the diseases associated with the impaired insulin receptor signaling pathway

“…Другими словами, пре-парат способен активировать инсулиновую сигна-лизацию как в отсутствие инсулина, так и усили-вать ее в присутствии гормона, повышая тем самым эффективность его взаимодействия со своим ре-цептором. Субетта в отсутствие инсулина влияет на биосинтез адипонектина, повышая его продукцию зрелыми адипоцитами человека in vitro [45]. Кроме того, препарат увеличивает чувствительность тка-ней к действию инсулина, стимулируя инсулин-индуцированный захват глюкозы мышечными клетками человека in vitro [46].…”