Subcutaneous Granuloma Annulare in a Child’s Palm: A Case Report

Takeyama, Junji; Sanada, Takehiko; Watanabe, Mika; Hatori, Masahito; Kunikata, Nagisa; Aiba, Setsuya

doi:10.1016/j.jhsa.2005.10.003

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…Other authors postulate that NL is a connective tissue disorder and that subsequent skin inflammation leads to the development of skin lesions [5]. According to data from the literature, the pathological processes in GA are initiated in the dermis by activation of CD4 + T-lymphocytes and the synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines i.e., of IL-2 and TNF-α-which leads to the release of lysosomal enzymes including metalloproteinases [6][7][8]. Skin damage results in the enhanced synthesis of collagen I [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impairment of Angiogenesis in Patients with Granuloma Annulare and Necrobiosis Lipoidica

Lesiak¹

2014

J Clin Exp Dermatol Res

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Necrobiosis lipoidica (NL) and granuloma annulare (GA) belong to the granulomatous skin diseases with unclear pathogenesis. Despite the quite common occurrence of these entities in dermatological practice, research into the subject is limited. Thus, we decided to perform an immunohistochemical analysis of skin biopsies in order to assess the expression of selected proteins involved in angiogenesis. The study group consisted of 21 patients with NL and 23 with GA, selected from the database at the Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Łódź. Six healthy subjects served as the controls. Skin sections were stained with monoclonal antibodies directed against VEGF and CD34. The intensity of expression of epidermal VEGF, and the number of CD34 + dermal blood vessels were assessed. The mean intensity of VEGF immunoexpression in GA patients was 0.91, and was significantly higher than in either the NL patients (0.45; p<0.01) or the control group (0.14; p<0.009). The mean CD34+ microvessel density per mm 2 in the GA group was 79.04, which was significantly higher than in the NL group (64.84; p<0.009) and in the controls (52.03; p<0.001). The obtained results confirm the similarity of the histological features of NL and GA. However, in GA, the biopsy changes in angiogenesis were more marked in the GL than in the NL group. In conclusion, based on our results we can assume that imbalance in the process of angiogenesis is one the factors involved in development of both NL and GA.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impairment of Angiogenesis in Patients with Granuloma Annulare and Necrobiosis Lipoidica

Lesiak¹

2014

J Clin Exp Dermatol Res

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“…Although the pretibial area and the scalp are the most frequent locations, SGA can manifest anywhere, and the hand may be involved as well [26, 27]. The lesions are usually solitary but may be multiple.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pseudotumoural soft tissue lesions of the hand and wrist: a pictorial review

et al. 2011

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Mimickers of soft tissue tumours in the hand and wrist are more frequent than true neoplastic lesions. Pseudotumours belong to a large and heterogeneous group of disorders, varying from normal anatomical variants, cystic lesions, post-traumatic lesions, skin lesions, inflammatory and infectious lesions, non-neoplastic vascular lesions, metabolic disorders (crystal deposition disease and amyloidosis) and miscellaneous disorders. Although the imaging approach to pseudotumoural lesions is often very similar to the approach to “true” soft tissue tumoral counterparts, further management of these lesions is different. Biopsy should be performed only in doubtful cases, when the diagnosis is unclear. Therefore, the radiologist plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis of these lesions. Awareness of the normal anatomy and existence and common imaging presentation of these diseases, in combination with relevant clinical findings (clinical history, age, location and skin changes), enables the radiologist to make the correct diagnosis in most cases, thereby limiting the need for invasive procedures.

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“…When the final diagnosis was GA, no additional studies were necessary. The recurrences locally or at other sites were common, but they did not need to be investigated further [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic dilemma of a subcutaneous nodule following a trauma in a child: immunohistochemical examination put the final diagnosis of deep granuloma annulare

2009

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The diagnostic dilemma is discussed on a child who presented a granulomatous process of the inferior limb following a trauma. It was originally considered epithelioid sarcoma (ES) and later diagnosed as deep granuloma annulare (DGA). In combination with the clinical assessment, the plain radiographs, the ultrasound and the magnetic resonance proved inadequate in reaching diagnosis and in excluding neoplasia. Biopsy was required, and the following immunohistochemical examination put the definitive diagnosis of deep granuloma annulare. Development of DGA after trauma seems to be rare, but it is a possible event and further observations are needed to explain the triggering roles in the etiopathogenesis of this disease.

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Subcutaneous Granuloma Annulare in a Child’s Palm: A Case Report

Cited by 14 publications

References 21 publications

Impairment of Angiogenesis in Patients with Granuloma Annulare and Necrobiosis Lipoidica

Impairment of Angiogenesis in Patients with Granuloma Annulare and Necrobiosis Lipoidica

Pseudotumoural soft tissue lesions of the hand and wrist: a pictorial review

Diagnostic dilemma of a subcutaneous nodule following a trauma in a child: immunohistochemical examination put the final diagnosis of deep granuloma annulare

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