Subcutaneous Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor in Mucositis Induced by an Adjuvant 5-Fluorouracil plus Leucovorin Regimen

Rossi, Antonio; Rosati, Gerardo; Colarusso, Diodoro; Manzione, Luigi

doi:10.1159/000070293

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Given systemically for prophylaxis Oral spray Cawford et al, 1999;Clarkson et al, 2010;Dazzi et al, 2003;Hejna et al, 2001;Hong et al, 2009;Kim et al, 2013;Mantovani et al, 2003;McAleese et al, 2006;Nicolatou-Galitis et al, 2001;Qutob et al, 2013;Rossi et al, 2003;Ryu et al, 2007;Sprinzl et al, 2001;Valcarcel et al, 2002;Worthington et al, 2011;Wu et al, 2009 Bardy et al, 2012;Hawley et al, 2014;Jayachandran & Balaji, 2012;Maiti et al, 2012;Motallebnejad et al, 2008;Rashad et al, 2009;Song et al, 2012;Worthington et al, 2011;Yarom et al, 2013 Human intestinal trefoil factor (TA)…”

Section: Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence-Based Interventions for Cancer Treatment-Related Mucositis: Putting Evidence Into Practice

Eilers¹,

Harris²,

Henry³

et al. 2014

Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing

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Mucositis is an inflammatory process that can involve the mucosal epithelial cells from the mouth to the rectum. Historically, mucositis and stomatitis were used interchangeably, but momentum has increased toward more specific terminology since the 2000s. Stomatitis refers to inflammatory diseases of the mouth, including the mucosa, dentition, periapices, and periodontium, whereas mucositis refers more globally to an inflammatory process involving the mucous membranes of the oral cavity and the gastrointestinal tract. In addition, differentiation is needed regarding mucositis involving the oral cavity and the remainder of the gastrointestinal tract that require use of a scope-type device for close examination. As a result, oral cavity mucositis has been the focus of the majority of the studies reported to date. The mucous membranes beyond the oral cavity are more challenging to view, so the mouth has been presented as revealing potential changes in the gastrointestinal tract. However, because of the variation in morphology, function of different locations, and risks associated with procedures to validate that speculation, evidence is limited. The purpose of this article is to review evidence-based interventions for mucositis, particularly in the oral cavity, and provide clinicians with guidelines for nursing interventions.

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Section: Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence-Based Interventions for Cancer Treatment-Related Mucositis: Putting Evidence Into Practice

Eilers¹,

Harris²,

Henry³

et al. 2014

Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing

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“…Due to insufficient and conflicting evidence, no guideline was possible for the use of GM-CSF mouthwashes for the treatment of oral mucositis in any of these settings. In addition, there was not enough evidence to provide a guideline for the use of systemic GM-CSF for the treatment of oral mucositis in patients receiving H&N RT [77] or CT [78].…”

Section: Granulocyte Colony-stimulating Factormentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic review of cytokines and growth factors for the management of oral mucositis in cancer patients

Raber-Durlacher

Bültzingslöwen²,

Logan

et al. 2012

Support Care Cancer

112

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Purpose The aim of this project was to review the literature and define clinical practice guidelines for the use of cytokines and growth factor agents for the prevention or treatment of oral mucositis induced by cancer chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Care Cancer (2013) 21:343-355 DOI 10.1007/s00520-012-1594 following three guideline determinations was possible: Recommendation, Suggestion, No guideline possible. Results Sixty-four clinical studies across 11 interventions were evaluated. A recommendation was made for the use of recombinant human KGF-1 (palifermin) at a dose of 60 μg/kg per day for 3 days prior to conditioning treatment and for 3 days post-transplant for prevention of oral mucositis in patients receiving high-dose chemotherapy and total body irradiation followed by autologous stem cell transplantation for hematological malignancies. A suggestion was made against using granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor mouthwash for the prevention of oral mucositis in the setting of high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous or allogeneic stem cell transplantation. No guideline was possible for any other cytokine or growth factor agents due to inconclusive evidence. Conclusions Of the cytokine and growth factor agents studied for oral mucositis, the evidence only supports use of palifermin in the specific population listed above. Additional welldesigned research is needed on other cytokine and growth factor interventions and in other cancer treatment settings. Methods

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“…It thus remains uncertain whether the topical or intravenous use of these factors conveys significant benefits 5 ,. 23 , 24 , 55 , 71–79 …”

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confidence: 99%

Oral and intestinal mucositis — causes and possible treatments

Duncan¹,

Grant²

2003

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

207

159

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Summary Chemotherapy and radiotherapy, whilst highly effective in the treatment of neoplasia, can also cause damage to healthy tissue. In particular, the alimentary tract may be badly affected. Severe inflammation, lesioning and ulceration can occur. Patients may experience intense pain, nausea and gastro‐enteritis. They are also highly susceptible to infection. The disorder (mucositis) is a dose‐limiting toxicity of therapy and affects around 500 000 patients world‐wide annually. Oral and intestinal mucositis is multi‐factorial in nature. The disruption or loss of rapidly dividing epithelial progenitor cells is a trigger for the onset of the disorder. However, the actual dysfunction that manifests and its severity and duration are greatly influenced by changes in other cell populations, immune responses and the effects of oral/gut flora. This complexity has hampered the development of effective palliative or preventative measures. Recent studies have concentrated on the use of bioactive/growth factors, hormones or interleukins to modify epithelial metabolism and reduce the susceptibility of the tract to mucositis. Some of these treatments appear to have considerable potential and are at present under clinical evaluation. This overview deals with the cellular changes and host responses that may lead to the development of mucositis of the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract, and the potential of existing and novel palliative measures to limit or prevent the disorder. Presently available treatments do not prevent mucositis, but can limit its severity if used in combination. Poor oral health and existing epithelial damage predispose patients to mucositis. The elimination of dental problems or the minimization of existing damage to the alimentary tract, prior to the commencement of therapy, lowers their susceptibility. Measures that reduce the flora of the tract, before therapy, can also be helpful. Increased production of free radicals and the induction of inflammation are early events in the onset of mucositis. Prophylactic administration of scavengers or anti‐inflammatories can partially counteract or limit some of these therapy‐mediated effects, as can the use of cryotherapy. The regular use of mouthwashes, mouth coatings, antibiotics and analgesics is essential, prior to and during loss and ablation of the epithelial layer. Granulocyte–macrophage colony‐stimulating factor/granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor or the use of laser light therapy may aid restitution and repair. Glutamine supplements may be beneficial in the repair/recovery phase.

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Subcutaneous Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor in Mucositis Induced by an Adjuvant 5-Fluorouracil plus Leucovorin Regimen

Cited by 8 publications

References 22 publications

Evidence-Based Interventions for Cancer Treatment-Related Mucositis: Putting Evidence Into Practice

Evidence-Based Interventions for Cancer Treatment-Related Mucositis: Putting Evidence Into Practice

Systematic review of cytokines and growth factors for the management of oral mucositis in cancer patients

Oral and intestinal mucositis — causes and possible treatments

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