Subcutaneous Fat

Black, Martin M.; Cunliffe, W. J.

doi:10.1002/9780470750520.ch55

Cited by 12 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 359 publications

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“…Additional features include otosclerosis, bone cysts, and debility. Some patients show mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis associated with complement (C3) deficiency 4 . Myositis may occur beneath the lipoatrophic areas and resembles lymphocytic panniculitis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, some authors have recommended pimozide therapy for generalized lipodystrophy and/or diencephalic involvement 19 . Pimozide, a selective dopaminergic blocker, may be helpful in restoring fat and decreasing the levels of hypothalamic releasing factor 4 . Partial lipodystrophy may follow damage to the region of the mid‐brain or diencephalon 20 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Barraquer–Simons syndrome with benign infundibulocystic proliferation

et al. 2003

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A white man attended our outpatient clinic because of soft papules on the second finger of the left hand. They were livid red‐colored, warty surfaced cysts, 1–2 cm in diameter, arranged in an annular configuration (Fig. 1). The patient showed prominent zygomatic bones and symmetric loss of buccal fat pads (Bichat's fats), leading to sunken cheeks (Fig. 2). The history of the patient could not be taken because of his debility. 1 Soft papules on the second finger of the left hand 2 Symmetric loss of Bichat's fats Laboratory findings included: hemoglobin, 14.5 g/dL; Htc, 41.6%; red blood cells (RBC), 4.67/µL; white blood cells (WBC), 10.3 × 103/µL; Plt, 274 × 103/µL; mean corpuscular volume (MCV), 89.1 fL; mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), 31.0 pg; mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), 34.8 g/dL; blood urea nitrogen, 33 mg/dL; creatinine, 0.7 mg/dL; cholesterol, 152 mg/dL; total protein, 8.1 g/dL; albumin, 4.6 g/dL; total bilirubin, 0.5 mg/dL; direct bilirubin, 0.1 mg/dL; calcium, 8.8 mg/dL; erythrocyte sedimentation rate, 6 mm/h; urinalysis, normal – there was no anomaly in the urine in 24 h. The patient was negative for antinuclear antibody (ANA), anti‐DNA, anticentromer antibody, Scl 70 antibody, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Chest X‐ray was normal. Hand X‐ray showed bone cysts on the distal phalanx of the second finger of the left hand. Histologic examination of the papules on the second finger of the left hand revealed multilobulated or, in other words, proliferating cystic structures lined by epithelium similar to the infundibular epithelium of the hair follicle. The cysts were connected with the surface of the skin and were filled with cornified cells in a basket‐weave array (Fig. 3). 3 Nodules composed of benign infundibulocystic proliferation (hematoxylin and eosin, × 40) The IQ was measured as 50 indicating mental retardation. Audiogram could not be performed, but sensory neural hearing loss was suspected. After 1.5 months of pimozide therapy (Nörofren, 2.5 mg/day), hearing loss was measured as 50% and a diagnosis of otosclerosis was made. The cystic lesions resolved completely and Bichat's fats regenerated partially.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barraquer–Simons syndrome with benign infundibulocystic proliferation

et al. 2003

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“…A paniculite eosinofílica é uma paniculite septal de acordo com a classificação de Black e Cunliffe, 13 caracterizada por importante infiltração do adiposo subcutâneo com eosinófilos. Tem sido associada a uma grande variedade de condições clínicas, tais como: infecção estreptocócica, 14 poliarterite nodosa, mordida de artrópodes, gnastostomiasis, 15 dermatose atópica, 16 diabetes mellitus, 17 administração oral de medicação antiinflamatória sem esteróides, 13 infiltração do tecido subcutâ-neo com gabexato mesilato 19 e injeção de vacina antitetânica.…”

Section: The Reaction Is Initiated By Tissue-resident Mast Cellsunclassified

“…Tem sido associada a uma grande variedade de condições clínicas, tais como: infecção estreptocócica, 14 poliarterite nodosa, mordida de artrópodes, gnastostomiasis, 15 dermatose atópica, 16 diabetes mellitus, 17 administração oral de medicação antiinflamatória sem esteróides, 13 infiltração do tecido subcutâ-neo com gabexato mesilato 19 e injeção de vacina antitetânica. 20 Entre os 18 pacientes estudados por Winkelmann e Frigas, 21 há três casos classificados como "injeção granuloma" associada com dependência narcótica.…”

Section: The Reaction Is Initiated By Tissue-resident Mast Cellsunclassified

“…A seqüência de eventos após o ferimento subcutâneo é iniciada pela infiltração de neutrófilos e/ou eosinófilos. 13 A reação é iniciada pelos mastócitos do tecido residente, liberando mediadores inflamatórios tais como histamina e outros. O estímulo pode ser imunológico (IgE dependente) ou não imunológico, como substâncias de degranulação no caso de picadas de insetos, ou fatores físicos, como esfregação e/ou pressão.…”

Section: The Reaction Is Initiated By Tissue-resident Mast Cellsunclassified

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Paniculite eosinofílica localizada em conseqüência de injeções intramusculares de composto de antimônio para tratamento de leishmaniose tegumentar americana

Oliveira-Neto

Mattos

Cuzzi-Maya

et al. 2004

An. Bras. Dermatol.

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Resumo: Paniculite eosinofílica pode ser desencadeada por muitos fatores; aqui os autores descrevem a síndrome em conseqüência de injeções intramusculares de compostos de antimônio para tratamento de leishmaniose tegumentar americana em três pacientes. Todos eles desenvolveram lesões em placa, profundamente infiltradas, no local da injeção antimonial. A histopatologia mostrou acentuado infiltrado inflamatório da hipoderme com numerosos eosinófilos. O estudo imunológico não demonstrou imunoglobulinas ou frações do complemento nas lesões. O diagnóstico final foi de paniculite eosinofílica ocorrendo como efeito colateral da terapia antimonial. O mecanismo patogênico dessa paniculite não pôde ser definido. As hipóteses sugeridas foram de lesão induzida por fenômeno físico -a pressão exercida pelo volume do líquido injetado -ou de uma reação alérgica ao antimônio. Palavras-chave: antimônio/efeitos adversos; leishmaniose cutânea/terapia; paniculite. Summary: Eosinophilic panniculitis may be induced by several triggering factors and this syndrome is described here following the intramuscular injection of antimonial compounds for treatment of American muco-cutaneous leishmaniasis. Three patients, treated with intramuscular injections of pentavalent antimony (Glucantime

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Panniculitis

Requena

2016

Rook's Textbook of Dermatology, Ninth Edition

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The panniculitides comprise a group of heterogeneous inflammatory diseases that involve the subcutaneous fat. Histopathological study is required for the specific diagnosis of these disorders, because different panniculitides usually show the same clinical appearance – which typically consists of erythematous nodules on the lower extremities. However, the histopathological study of panniculitis is difficult because of the poor correlation between clinical and pathological findings and the changing microscopic appearances as the lesions evolve. Furthermore, large scalpel incisional biopsies are required in order to evaluate panniculitis fully. From the histopathological point of view, all panniculitides are somewhat mixed, because the inflammatory infiltrate involves both the septa and lobules. However, differentiation between a predominantly septal and a predominantly lobular panniculitis is usually straightforward at scanning magnification on the basis of which subcutaneous structures are the more intensely involved by the inflammatory infiltrate.

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Subcutaneous Fat

Cited by 12 publications

References 359 publications

Barraquer–Simons syndrome with benign infundibulocystic proliferation

Barraquer–Simons syndrome with benign infundibulocystic proliferation

Paniculite eosinofílica localizada em conseqüência de injeções intramusculares de composto de antimônio para tratamento de leishmaniose tegumentar americana

Panniculitis

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