Subclinical neurophysiological effects of lead: A review on peripheral, central, and autonomic nervous system effects in lead workers

Araki, Shunichi; Sato, Hajime; Yokoyama, Kazuhito; Murata, Katsuyuki

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(200002)37:2<193::aid-ajim5>3.0.co;2-j

Cited by 128 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(114 reference statements)

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“…Postural sway was quantitatively measured as described previously 10,11,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24] by using a strain-gauge-type force platform (EB1101, NEC Medical Systems) in a quiet room with flat floor. Subjects were asked to stand on the platform for 60 s with eyes open and then for 60 s with eyes closed.…”

Section: Computerized Static Posturographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These methods include nerve conduction velocities (NCVs) [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] , visual-, auditory-and somatosensory-evoked potentials (VEP, AEP, SSEP) [10][11][12][14][15][16][17][18] , event-related potential (ERP) 7,8,10,11,14,17) and computer-based posturography 6,7,10,11,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24] . For example, neorophysiological tests have been employed to detect and document subclinical changes before lead-exposed individuals develop overt symptoms and signs, thereby preventing acute and/or persistent neurological illness among populations exposed to lead 18) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Pesticides on the Peripheral and Central Nervous System in Tobacco Farmers in Malaysia: Studies on Peripheral Nerve Conduction, Brain-Evoked Potentials and Computerized Posturography

et al. 2005

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We examined the effects of pesticides on the central and peripheral nervous system in the setting of a tobacco farm at a developing country. Maximal motor and sensory nerve conduction velocities (MCV and SCV, respectively) in the median, sural and tibial nerves, postural sway, and brain-evoked potentials (auditory event-related and visual-evoked potentials) were measured in 80 male tobacco farmers and age-and sex-matched 40 controls in Kelantan, Malaysia. Median SCV (finger-wrist) in farmers using Delsen (mancozeb, dithiocarbamate fungicide), who showed significant decrease of serum cholinesterase activities, were significantly lower compared with the controls. Sural SCV in farmers using Fastac (α α α α α-cypermethrin, pyrethroid insecticide) and median MCV (elbowwrist) in farmers using Tamex (butralin, dinitroaniline herbicide) were significantly slowed compared with their respective controls. In Delsen (mancozeb, dithiocarbamate) users, the power of postural sway of 0-1 Hz was significantly larger than that in the controls both in the anterior-posterior direction with eyes open and in the right-left direction with eyes closed. The former type of sway was also significantly increased in Tamaron (methamidophos, organophosphorus insecticide) users. In conclusion, nerve conduction velocities and postural sway seem to be sensitive indicators of the effects of pesticides on the central and peripheral nervous system.

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Section: Computerized Static Posturographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Pesticides on the Peripheral and Central Nervous System in Tobacco Farmers in Malaysia: Studies on Peripheral Nerve Conduction, Brain-Evoked Potentials and Computerized Posturography

et al. 2005

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“…Slowing of peripheral nerve conduction is usually minimal in lead neuropathy 12) , suggesting that changes in the nerve are mainly axonal degeneration with or without secondary demyelination. These findings also agree the hypothesis that the neuron cell bodies are affected by lead, resulting in a failure to supply materials required by axons.…”

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confidence: 99%

Alteration of Glucose Metabolism in the Spinal Cord of Experimental Lead Poisoning Rats. Microdetermination of Glucose Utilization Rate and Distribution Volume.

et al. 2000

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To examine the effects of lead on glucose metabolism in the spinal cord, glucose utilization rate (GUR) and distribution volume of glucose (DV) in the anterior horn and white matter were determined in 9 rats exposed to lead for 4 weeks and 10 control rats. The GUR and DV were determined by the quantitative microdetermination method using non-tracer amount of 2-deoxyglucose based on the three-compartments model of Sokoloff. The GUR and DV in the anterior horn in the lead-exposed rats were significantly lower than those in the controls. It is thus suggested that glucose metabolism, as measured by the GUR and DV, in the anterior horn is inhibited by lead; the anterior horn cells seem sensitive to lead neurotoxicity. . Uptake of glucose analog (3-O-methylglucose) by the MEly cells (a cell line of mouse cerebral microvessel endothelium) was inhibited after the cells were incubated with a medium containing 10 -4 M of lead for 2 days 3). As a more acute effect, Bertoni and Sprenkle (1988) 4) demonstrated the decrease of glucose utilization rate (GUR) in the medial geniculate bodies, inferior colliculus and sensory cortex of the brain of rats 45 min after intravenous injection of lead acetate, when the animals showed BPb concentrations of about 160 µg/dl, using the 2-deoxyglucose autoradiographic method.R e c e n t l y, t w o o f t h e a u t h o r s d e v e l o p e d a

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“…Low-level environmental exposure to lead is associated with numerous sources (industrial processes, water pipes, petrol, paint, solder in canned foods) and pathways (water, food, air, household dust, street dirt, soil, etc.) [4][5][6]. Owing to the vulnerability of Pb 2+ at low concentrations, occupational and environmental exposures remain a serious problem [7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abiotic Fluorescent Receptors for Detection of Pb2+ in Aqueous Media as well as Living Cells: Mechanistic and Sensing Aspects

Kaloo¹,

Bhat²,

Shalla³

2017

Biomark J

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Substantial utility of lead in numerous industries (storage, batteries, gasoline, cable manufacture, paint and ammunition), has resulted in recurring of environmental contamination. Lead being one of the highly abundant elements in nature, ranks third among the list of toxic substances. Owing to its ever-increasing demand and allied toxicity (memory loss, irritability, anemia, muscle paralysis, and mental retardation), development of novel synthetic receptors suitable to track Pb 2+ in vitro as well as in vivo has been an exciting area of research in the past few decades. In this review, emphasis has been diverted to summarize and briefly discuss major contributions made towards development of fluorescent abiotic receptors capable of sensing ionic lead (Pb 2+ ) under aqueous environments as well as in living cells.

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Subclinical neurophysiological effects of lead: A review on peripheral, central, and autonomic nervous system effects in lead workers

Cited by 128 publications

References 71 publications

Effects of Pesticides on the Peripheral and Central Nervous System in Tobacco Farmers in Malaysia: Studies on Peripheral Nerve Conduction, Brain-Evoked Potentials and Computerized Posturography

Effects of Pesticides on the Peripheral and Central Nervous System in Tobacco Farmers in Malaysia: Studies on Peripheral Nerve Conduction, Brain-Evoked Potentials and Computerized Posturography

Alteration of Glucose Metabolism in the Spinal Cord of Experimental Lead Poisoning Rats. Microdetermination of Glucose Utilization Rate and Distribution Volume.

Abiotic Fluorescent Receptors for Detection of Pb2+ in Aqueous Media as well as Living Cells: Mechanistic and Sensing Aspects

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