Subchronic toxicity study of gallic acid by oral administration in F344 rats

Curcumin protects against gallic acid-induced oxidative stress, suppression of glutathione antioxidant defenses, hepatic and renal damage in rats

“…The dose of Gal (100 mg/kg) was chosen because it is less than the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) for Gal in rats. 10 The dose of Cur was chosen based on our previous studies and those of others which reported protective function on testicular tissues under various pathological conditions. 5,19,20 Estimation of the activities of serum markers enzymes, lipid and hematological profiles Preparation of liver homogenate and assessment of oxidative stress…”

“…5 The potential of Gal to act as prooxidant also explain its toxicity in the liver, kidney and blood of rats. 10 Many phytochemicals, for example, quercetin, hesperetin naringenin, gossypol, myricetin and morin have both antioxidant and pro-oxidant properties depending on dosage, structural characteristics and experimental design. [11][12][13] Apart the antioxidative and pro-oxidant properties, Gal possess anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial and anticarcinogenic abilities.…”

Pharmacological induction of leukotriene B4-12-hydroxydehydrogenase suppresses the oncogenic transformation of human hepatoma HepG2 cells

“…The anticancer activity of GA is mediated by multiple proapoptotic mechanisms: (1) by activating Fas-and mitochondrialmediated pathways (54,55); (2) by up-regulating pro-apoptotic proteins, Bax, activating caspases and down-regulating antiapoptotic proteins such as Bcl-2 and Xiap; (3) by suppressing the survival-promoting signaling pathways such as Akt/mTOR pathway, delaying the expression of pro-apoptosis related proteins in non-cancerous cells and enhancing antiapoptotic potential in normal human lymphocytes via a Bcl-2 independent mechanism (50,56); and (4) by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human prostate carcinoma DU145 cells (57). Although GA showed slight cytotoxicity in human blood lymphocytes, GA did not induce toxicity in rats at the dose of 119-128 mg/ml (58). These results further consolidated that GA possesses strong cancer-selective cytotoxicity.…”

Gallic Acid Glycerol Ester Promotes Weight-Loss in Rats

“…Niho et al 9 studied the subchronic toxicity of GA in F344 rats by feeding a diet containing 0 -5 GA for 13 weeks and have determined that 0.2 was a no-observedadverse-effect level in rats. This level translates into 119 and 128 mg/kg per day for male and female rats, respectively, suggesting no toxicity at 90 ppm GA in the diet used in the present study: rats weighing 223 -447 g ingested the diet at levels between 17 and 22 g/day.…”