Subchronic toxicity and mutagenicity/genotoxicity studies of Irvingia gabonensis extract (IGOB131)

Kothari, Shil C.; Shivarudraiah, Prasad; Venkataramaiah, Suresh Babu; Gavara, Swapna; Soni, Madhu G.

doi:10.1016/j.fct.2012.02.023

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In brief, the oral treatment of rats with three doses (100, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg) of an aqueous leaf extract of I. gabonensis did not affect the serum biochemical markers of toxicity such as ALT (63.30, 59.50, and 58.00 IU/L at 100, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg, respectively, vs. the untreated control: 66.50 IU/L), AST (158.33,159.33,and 158.00 IU/L at 100, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg, respectively, vs. the untreated control, 159.16 IU/L) and ALP (127.90, 102.00, and 121.13 IU/L at 100, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg, respectively, vs. the untreated control, 103.50 IU/L), suggesting that these extracts might not affect the liver physiology [66]. In this study, the authors confirmed the NOAEL (2500 mg/kg) reported previously by Kothari et al [65].…”

Section: Toxicity Profile Of Irvingia Sppsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Clinical symptoms, body weight, feed consumption, and mortality were not observed in the treated rats. Moreover, there were no significant changes in the hematological and biochemical parameters of rats [65]. In another study, the oral administration of aqueous extracts from I. gabonensis stem bark and leaves to male Wistar rats did not cause significant changes compared to the negative control (without treatment).…”

Section: Toxicity Profile Of Irvingia Sppmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…A number of studies have reported on the toxicity profile of plants from the genus Irvingia. For example, in a study published by Kothari et al [65], the oral administration of an Irvingia gabonensis extract at 0, 100, 1000, and 2500 mg/kg for 90 days did not induce any clinical signs or mortality in Sprague Dawley rats. Accordingly, the NOAEL (no observed adverse effect level) for the I. gabonensis extract was predicted to be more than the highest dose tested (i.e., 2500 mg/kg bw/day (LD 50 )).…”

Section: Toxicity Profile Of Irvingia Sppmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Ethnomedicinal Uses, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Activity of the Irvingia Species

Nguena-Dongue,

Pone Kamdem,

Lunga

et al. 2023

DDC

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Plants belonging to the genus Irvingia are widespread across the African and Southeast Asian regions of the world. Irvingia gabonensis, Irvingia malayana, and Irvingia grandifolia are among the commonly used species in ethnomedicine, especially in Africa. Fever, scabies, toothache, inflammation, and liver and gastrointestinal disorders are among the pathological conditions that are reverted by Irvingia plants upon traditional preparations. Modern pharmacological investigations have substantiated the ethnomedicinal uses of Irvingia spp. Reports on the phytochemical analysis of Irvingia plants have revealed the presence of a number of secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, phenolic compounds, tannins, saponins, and alkaloids. Based on the foregoing, the present study provides a comprehensive evaluation of reports on the ethnomedicinal use, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicity of plants from the genus Irvingia. Relevant information on Irvingia plants was mostly obtained from major scientific databases from their inception until July 2023. As a result, more than forty compounds have been identified in Irvingia spp., proving the abundance of secondary metabolites in these plants. Reports have pointed out modern pharmacological activities such as antiprotozoal, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective activities. The present study provides more insights for the successful utilization of Irvingia plants and may guide further research on their therapeutic potential in the treatment of various diseases.

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Section: Toxicity Profile Of Irvingia Sppsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Toxicity Profile Of Irvingia Sppmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Toxicity Profile Of Irvingia Sppmentioning

confidence: 94%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Ethnomedicinal Uses, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Activity of the Irvingia Species

Nguena-Dongue,

Pone Kamdem,

Lunga

et al. 2023

DDC

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“…A number of studies have reported on the toxicity profile of plants from the genus Irvingia. For example, in a study published by Kothari et al [68], the oral administration of Irvingia gabonensis extract at 0, 100, 1000 and 2500 mg/kg for 90 days did not induce any clinical signs or mortality in Sprague Dawley rats. Moreover, no treatment-related changes in clinical signs, functional observations, mortality, body weight, weight gain or feed consumption were noted.…”

Section: Toxicity Profile Of Irvingia Sppmentioning

confidence: 93%

Ethnomedicinal Uses, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Activity of the <em>Irvingia</em> Species

Nguena-Dongue,

Pone Kamdem,

Keilah Lunga

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Plants belonging to the genus Irvingia are widespread across the African and Southeast Asian regions of the world. Irvingia gabonensis, Irvingia malayana, and Irvingia grandifolia are among the commonly used species in ethnomedicine, especially in Africa. Fever, scabies, toothache, inflammation, and liver and gastrointestinal disorders are among the pathological conditions that are reverted by Irvingia plants upon traditional preparations. Modern pharmacological investigations have substantiated the ethnomedicinal uses of Irvingia spp. Reports on the phytochemical analysis of Irvingia plants have revealed the presence of a number of secondary metabolites, such as flavonoids, phenolic compounds, tannins, saponins and alkaloids. Based on the foregoing, the present study provides a comprehensive evaluation of reports on the ethnomedicinal use, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicity of plants from the genus Irvingia. Relevant information on Irvingia plants was mostly obtained from major scientific databases from their inception until July 2023. As a result, more than forty compounds have been identified in Irvingia spp. proving the abundance of secondary metabolites in these plants. Reports have pointed out modern pharmacological activities, such as antiprotozoal, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective activities. The present study provides more insights for the successful utilization of Irvingia plants and may guide further research on their therapeutic potential in the treatment of various diseases.

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“…Both documents are shown in the Supplementary Information . Furthermore, in vitro and in vivo chromosomal aberration tests, and an in vivo micronucleus assay, did not show any genotoxicity of IGOB131 [ 27 ]. The results of a sub-chronic toxicity study also suggested that the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) for IGOB131 is ≥2500 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day, which was the highest dose tested [ 27 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Irvingia gabonensis Extract on Metabolism, Antioxidants, Adipocytokines, Telomere Length, and Aerobic Capacity in Overweight/Obese Individuals

et al. 2022

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We investigated the effects of Irvingia gabonensis (IG) kernel extract on the metabolism, adiposity indices, redox status, inflammation, adipocytokines, blood leukocyte relative telomere length (RTL), and aerobic capacity of overweight/obese individuals. All participants used the first 12-week phase to monitor body weight. They were then randomly divided into two groups: (1) 300 mg IG or (2) placebo (PLA). Both groups took one tablet per day for 12 weeks. The variables were measured before supplementation and after 3, 6, and 12 weeks of supplementation. RTL and aerobic capacity were measured before and after 12 weeks. Compared with the PLA, the IG increased plasma vitamin C after supplementation at 6 (p < 0.01) and 12 weeks (p < 0.05) and serum adiponectin after 3 weeks (p < 0.05). Compared with before supplementation, plasma malondialdehyde and serum leptin were decreased after 12-week supplementation in both groups and in the PLA, respectively, without any differences between the groups. There were no differences between groups with respect to metabolism, inflammation, RTL, and aerobic capacity after the supplementation. We suggest that 12-week daily IG supplementation improved plasma vitamin C and adiponectin. The findings show the possible mechanism contributing to the effect of IG supplementation on a reduction in obesity-related complications.

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Subchronic toxicity and mutagenicity/genotoxicity studies of Irvingia gabonensis extract (IGOB131)

Cited by 9 publications

References 12 publications

Ethnomedicinal Uses, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Activity of the Irvingia Species

Ethnomedicinal Uses, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Activity of the Irvingia Species

Ethnomedicinal Uses, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Activity of the <em>Irvingia</em> Species

Effects of Irvingia gabonensis Extract on Metabolism, Antioxidants, Adipocytokines, Telomere Length, and Aerobic Capacity in Overweight/Obese Individuals

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