Subchronic MK-801 treatment to juvenile rats attenuates environmental effects on adult spatial learning

Liljequist, R.; Henriksson, Bengt G.; Latif, N.; Pham, Therese; Winblad, Bengt; Mohammed, Abdul K.

doi:10.1016/0166-4328(93)90027-n

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…2A) indicate that living in an enriched environment had similar general effects on both Enr-WD and Enr-LT. After 40 days of living in an enriched environment Enr-WD did not differ from Enr-LT with respect to their body weight; however, after withdrawal of the environmental stimulus (at the age of 3 months) Enr-WD had returned to control levels at the end of the experiment. That animals living in an enriched environment have a lower body weight has been reported previously (Crnic, 1983;Liljequist et al, 1993).…”

Section: Functional Contexts In Which Experience-dependent Regulationsupporting

confidence: 66%

Experience-dependent regulation of adult hippocampal neurogenesis: Effects of long-term stimulation and stimulus withdrawal

1999

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Section: Functional Contexts In Which Experience-dependent Regulationsupporting

confidence: 66%

Experience-dependent regulation of adult hippocampal neurogenesis: Effects of long-term stimulation and stimulus withdrawal

1999

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“…They reached asymptotic swimming levels at a point similar to young animals. Previous reports have indicated that early exposure to an enriched environment resulted in better spatial performance when testing was carried out either immediately after treatment in animals of 3-4 months of age (Paylor et al 1992) or some months later (Liljequist et al 1993). These findings are in contrast with those showed by Van Gool et al (1985), indicating no positive enrichment effects, either in young nor in old brown Norway rats, when tested in an 8-arm radial maze.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Environmental enrichment and postnatal handling prevent spatial learning deficits in aged hypoemotional (Roman high-avoidance) and hyperemotional (Roman low-avoidance) rats.

Escorihuela¹,

Tobeña²,

Fernández-Teruel³

1995

Learn. Mem.

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The present study investigated the enduring effects of postnatal handling (administered during the first 21 days of life), and environmental enrichment (for a period of 6 months starting 3 weeks after weaning) on spatial learning in 24-month-old hypoemotional (Roman high-avoidance, RHA/Verh) and hyperemotional (Roman low-avoidance, RLA/Verh) rats. Two groups of 5-month-old rats from both lines were also included in the experiment as young controls. The Roman lines performed differently in the Morris water maze: Path lengths of RLA/Verh rats were shorter and they swam at lower speed than RHA/Verh rats, showing quicker and more efficient learning overall. Postnatal handling improved learning mainly in RHA/Verh rats, whereas environmental enrichment was able to prevent the deficits shown by aged controls of both lines. Young, enriched, and handled plus enriched animals exhibited better performance than impaired aged controls, to the point that aged enriched and handled plus enriched animals did not differ from young controls. Thus, besides indicating that RLA/Verh rats are better learners than RHA/Verh rats in the Morris water maze, this study demonstrates that environmental enrichment prevents the cognitive loss associated with aging, over the long term. Finally, the positive effects obtained with postnatal handling were dependent on the rat line.

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“…To date, a number of hypotheses have been formulated to provide some logical explanation for the benefits associated with environmental complexity and stimulation, including (i) neurochemical changes (Ickes et al, 2000) and metabolic activation (Gonzalez-Lima et al, 1994), (ii) enhanced dendritic branching and arborization (Rozenzweig and Bennet, 1996;van Praag et al, 2000;Ip et al, 2002), number/size of synapses and glial cells as well as vasculature (Greenough et al, 1992), and (iii) increased survival/decreased apoptosis of regenerating neural cells including increased trophic factor expression and neurogenesis (Falkenberg et al, 1992;Kempermann et al, 1997;Torasdotter et al, 1998;Nilsson et al, 1999). With respect to changes in neurobiochemistry and brain metabolism increased levels of Ach (acetylcholinesterase) and RNA content (Ferchmin et al, 1970;Ferchmin and Eterovic, 1986;Rosenzweig and Bennett, 1969;Rosenzweig et al, 1962), brain norepinephrine (NE) (Brenner et al, 1983;Mohammed et al, 1986), NMDA receptors (Liljequist et al, 1993), and PKC/protein kinase C (Paylor et al, 1992) have been proposed as possible candidates in mediating neurobehavioral or cognitive changes. Interestingly, NE has also been associated with the improvement in motor recovery after brain injury (Boyeson and Feeney, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversal of Neuromotor and Cognitive Dysfunction in an Enriched Environment Combined with Multimodal Early Onset Stimulation after Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats

Maegele

Lippert-Gruener

Ester-Bode

et al. 2005

Journal of Neurotrauma

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This study was designed to investigate the additional benefits of a multimodal early onset stimulation (MEOS) paradigm when combined with enriched environment (EE) versus EE only and standard housing (SH) on the recovery after experimental traumatic brain injury (TBI). Male Sprague- Dawley rats were subjected to moderate lateral fluid percussion (LFP) brain injury (n = 40) or sham operation (n = 6). Thereafter, the injured and sham/EE + MEOS and EE only groups were placed into a complex EE consisting of tunnel-connected wide-bodied cages with various beddings, inclining platforms, and toys. Along with group living and environmental complexity, injured and sham/EE + MEOS animals were additionally exposed to a standardized paradigm of multimodal stimulation including auditory, visual, olfactory, and motor stimuli. In contrast, injured and sham/SH groups were housed individually without stimulation. A standardized composite neuroscore (NS) test was used to assess acute post-traumatic neuromotor deficits (24 h after injury) and recovery on days 7 and 15; recovery of cognitive function was assessed on days 11-15 using the Barnes maze. Neuromotor impairment was comparable in all injured animals at 24 h post-injury, but braininjured EE + MEOS rats performed significantly better than both brain-injured SH and EE groups when tested on post-injury days 7 and 15 (p = 0.004). Similarly, latencies to locate the hidden box under the Barnes maze platform were significantly shortened in EE + MEOS animals at day 15 (p = 0.003). These results indicate that the reversal of neuromotor and cognitive dysfunction after TBI can be substantially enhanced when MEOS is added to EE.

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Subchronic MK-801 treatment to juvenile rats attenuates environmental effects on adult spatial learning

Cited by 16 publications

References 47 publications

Experience-dependent regulation of adult hippocampal neurogenesis: Effects of long-term stimulation and stimulus withdrawal

Experience-dependent regulation of adult hippocampal neurogenesis: Effects of long-term stimulation and stimulus withdrawal

Environmental enrichment and postnatal handling prevent spatial learning deficits in aged hypoemotional (Roman high-avoidance) and hyperemotional (Roman low-avoidance) rats.

Reversal of Neuromotor and Cognitive Dysfunction in an Enriched Environment Combined with Multimodal Early Onset Stimulation after Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats

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