Subchronic cerebrolysin treatment alleviates cognitive impairments and dendritic arborization alterations of granular neurons in the hippocampal dentate gyrus of rats with temporal lobe epilepsy

Zamudio, Sergio; Pichardo-Macías, Luz Adriana; Díaz-Villegas, Verónica; Flores-Navarrete, Itzel L.; Guzmán-Velázquez, Sonia

doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2019.05.025

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Neurotrophic agents have no active role in epileptogenesis and may be used to treat patients who share epilepsy as a co-morbidity (e.g., elderly epileptic patients with stroke). Strict patient monitoring is required to ensure appropriate choice and effective doses of antiepileptic treatments [39]. Epilepsy can be caused by many conditions that affect the brain.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late-Onset Epilepsy in the Elderly: Difficulties of Diagnosis and Personalized Pharmacological Management, With Particularities to Covid-19 Pandemic – Systematic Review of Literature

ANGHELESCU¹

2022

FARMACIA

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In the actual demographic and pandemic context, epilepsy in people over 65 years is a multidimensional issue and a challenge to public health care. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the subject are scarce. A systematic and synthetic analysis of the literature published in the last 10 years (2011 -2020) was performed, using the "Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses" (PRISMA) paradigm. All identified papers were subjected to a standardized related filtering endeavour, in five steps, using PRISMA inspired selection methodology. Ultimately, there were selected 56 eligible articles; nonetheless, we enlarged our bibliographic base with additional resources related to the subject, freely discovered in the literature. The paper emphasizes elements of descriptive epidemiology, clinical presentations, differential diagnosis, and special issues in the treatment and prognosis of late-onset epilepsy in the elderly. The therapeutic decision in late-onset epilepsy is considered in the holistic frame of the neurologic pathology, pharmacological and pharmacokinetic issues specific for the old persons. The elderly is susceptible to drug-induced acute seizures because of the high prevalence of co-morbidities or polypharmacy. Special considerations were focused on COVID-19 associated seizures. Management of elderly patients with late-onset seizures/epilepsy requires special considerations concerning the positive and differential diagnosis, aetiology, prognosis and treatment. RezumatÎn contextul demografic și pandemic actual, epilepsia la persoanele peste 65 de ani este o problemă multidimensională și o provocare pentru serviciile de sănătăte publică. Recenziile sistematice și meta-analizele pe acest subiect sunt rare. A fost efectuată o analiză sistematică și sintetică a literaturii publicate în ultimii 10 ani (2011-2020), folosind paradigma de raportare pentru revizuiri sistematice și meta-analize (PRISMA). Toate lucrările identificate au fost supuse unui efort de filtrare standardizat, în cinci pași, folosind metodologia de selecție inspirată de PRISMA. În cele din urmă, au fost selectate 56 de articole eligibile; cu toate acestea, s-a lărgit baza bibliografică cu resurse suplimentare legate de subiect, descoperite liber în literatură. Lucrarea subliniază elemente de epidemiologie descriptivă, prezentare clinică, diagnostic diferențial și probleme speciale în tratamentul și prognosticul epilepsiei cu debut tardiv la vârstnici. Decizia terapeutică în epilepsia cu debut tardiv este considerată în cadrul holistic al patologiei neurologice, problematicii farmacologice și farmacocinetice specifice vârstnicilor. Vârstnicii sunt susceptibili la convulsii acute induse de medicamente din cauza prevalenței mari a comorbidităților sau polipragmaziei. Considerații speciale s-au concentrat asupra convulsiilor asociate cu COVID-19. Managementul pacienților vârstnici cu convulsii/epilepsie cu debut tardiv necesită considerații speciale privind diagnosticul pozitiv și diferențial, etiologia, prognosticul și tra...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late-Onset Epilepsy in the Elderly: Difficulties of Diagnosis and Personalized Pharmacological Management, With Particularities to Covid-19 Pandemic – Systematic Review of Literature

ANGHELESCU¹

2022

FARMACIA

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“…On the day of SE induction, the animals were injected with scopolamine methyl bromide (1 mg/kg i.p., Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA) to minimize the peripheral cholinergic side effects and, 30 min later, they received a dose of pilocarpine hydrochloride (30 mg/kg i.p. ; Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA) [ 32 , 33 ]. If, after one hour, the animals did not show SE, a second dose of pilocarpine was administered; if they again failed to present SE, they were eliminated from the study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Antioxidant Activity of Levetiracetam in a Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Model

et al. 2023

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Epilepsy is a neurological disorder in which it has been shown that the presence of oxidative stress (OS) is implicated in epileptogenesis. The literature has shown that some antiseizure drugs (ASD) have neuroprotective properties. Levetiracetam (LEV) is a drug commonly used as an ASD, and in some studies, it has been found to possess antioxidant properties. Because the antioxidant effects of LEV have not been demonstrated in the chronic phase of epilepsy, the objective of this study was to evaluate, for the first time, the effects of LEV on the oxidant–antioxidant status in the hippocampus of rats with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). The in vitro scavenging capacity of LEV was evaluated. LEV administration in rats with TLE significantly increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, increased catalase (CAT) activity, but did not change glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, and significantly decreased glutathione reductase (GR) activity in comparison with epileptic rats. LEV administration in rats with TLE significantly reduced hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels but did not change lipoperoxidation and carbonylated protein levels in comparison with epileptic rats. In addition, LEV showed in vitro scavenging activity against hydroxyl radical (HO•). LEV showed significant antioxidant effects in relation to restoring the redox balance in the hippocampus of rats with TLE. In vitro, LEV demonstrated direct antioxidant activity against HO•.

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“…SE was induced by systemic injection of pilocarpine, as previously described [ 35 , 36 , 37 ]. Briefly, animals were pretreated with lithium chloride (127 mg/kg, i.p.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A previous study in our laboratory demonstrated that spontaneous behavioral seizures are established approximately 18 days after SE induction [ 37 ]. Therefore, video monitoring of seizures began 3 weeks after SE induction.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Levetiracetam Reduced the Basal Excitability of the Dentate Gyrus without Restoring Impaired Synaptic Plasticity in Rats with Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

et al. 2020

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Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), the most common type of focal epilepsy, affects learning and memory; these effects are thought to emerge from changes in synaptic plasticity. Levetiracetam (LEV) is a widely used antiepileptic drug that is also associated with the reversal of cognitive dysfunction. The long-lasting effect of LEV treatment and its participation in synaptic plasticity have not been explored in early chronic epilepsy. Therefore, through the measurement of evoked field potentials, this study aimed to comprehensively identify the alterations in the excitability and the short-term (depression/facilitation) and long-term synaptic plasticity (long-term potentiation, LTP) of the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus in a lithium–pilocarpine rat model of TLE, as well as their possible restoration by LEV (1 week; 300 mg/kg/day). TLE increased the population spike (PS) amplitude (input/output curve); interestingly, LEV treatment partially reduced this hyperexcitability. Furthermore, TLE augmented synaptic depression, suppressed paired-pulse facilitation, and reduced PS-LTP; however, LEV did not alleviate such alterations. Conversely, the excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP)-LTP of TLE rats was comparable to that of control rats and was decreased by LEV. LEV caused a long-lasting attenuation of basal hyperexcitability but did not restore impaired synaptic plasticity in the early chronic phase of TLE.

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Subchronic cerebrolysin treatment alleviates cognitive impairments and dendritic arborization alterations of granular neurons in the hippocampal dentate gyrus of rats with temporal lobe epilepsy

Cited by 13 publications

References 45 publications

Late-Onset Epilepsy in the Elderly: Difficulties of Diagnosis and Personalized Pharmacological Management, With Particularities to Covid-19 Pandemic – Systematic Review of Literature

Late-Onset Epilepsy in the Elderly: Difficulties of Diagnosis and Personalized Pharmacological Management, With Particularities to Covid-19 Pandemic – Systematic Review of Literature

Evaluation of the Antioxidant Activity of Levetiracetam in a Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Model

Levetiracetam Reduced the Basal Excitability of the Dentate Gyrus without Restoring Impaired Synaptic Plasticity in Rats with Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

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