Subcellular positioning during cell division and cell plate formation in maize

Abstract

IntroductionDuring proliferative plant cell division, the new cell wall, called the cell plate, is first built in the middle of the cell and then expands outward to complete cytokinesis. This dynamic process requires coordinated movement and arrangement of the cytoskeleton and organelles.MethodsHere we use live-cell markers to track the dynamic reorganization of microtubules, nuclei, endoplasmic reticulum, and endomembrane compartments during division and the formation of the cell plate in maize leaf epidermal cells.ResultsThe microtubule plus-end localized protein END BINDING1 (EB1) highlighted increasing microtubule dynamicity during mitosis to support rapid changes in microtubule structures. The localization of the cell-plate specific syntaxin KNOLLE, several RAB-GTPases, as well as two plasma membrane localized proteins was assessed after treatment with the cytokinesis-specific callose-deposition inhibitor Endosidin7 (ES7) and the microtubule-disrupting herbicide chlorpropham (CIPC). While ES7 caused cell plate defects in Arabidopsis thaliana, it did not alter callose accumulation, or disrupt cell plate formation in maize. In contrast, CIPC treatment of maize epidermal cells occasionally produced irregular cell plates that split or fragmented, but did not otherwise disrupt the accumulation of cell-plate localized proteins.DiscussionTogether, these markers provide a robust suite of tools to examine subcellular trafficking and organellar organization during mitosis and cell plate formation in maize.

The interplay between cell wall integrity and cell cycle progression in plants

“…Recent studies have highlighted the species-specific nature of cytokinesis. Research on the impact of cytokinesis inhibitors like Endosidin7 (ES7) and microtubule disruptors such as chlorpropham (CIPC) demonstrates the complex and varied responses in plant cytokinesis in Arabidopsis and maize (Allsman et al 2023 ). ES7 induced cell plate defects in Arabidopsis without affecting callose accumulation or cell plate formation in maize.…”