Subarctic landscape adaptations and paleodemography: A 14,000-year history of climate change and human settlement in central Alaska and Yukon

Doering, Briana

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.107139

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Our analysis and other research supports the hypothesis that high human abundance is negatively related to bison occurrence due to the socio-political pressure to over-exploit bison populations where possible [30,88,98,99]. For example, the relatively recent extirpation of bison (<3000 BP) in Alaska and Yukon may be associated with increasing human numbers [109,110], and development of hide trade routes from the Liard and Yukon rivers to the Pacific coast [111,112]. The recent population growth of bison restored both at the edge and outside of their core historic range (Table 2) emphasizes that human harvest may have been as important, or potentially more limiting, than bottom-up factors in these areas.…”

Section: Processes Limiting Historic Bison Distributionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Buffalo on the Edge: Factors Affecting Historical Distribution and Restoration of Bison bison in the Western Cordillera, North America

Farr¹,

White²

2022

Preprint

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The historic western edge of bison (Bison bison) range and the ecological processes that caused its formation are frequently debated with important implications for bison restoration across North America. We test the hypothesis that a combination of bottom-up habitat suitability and top-down harvest pressure from humans were important processes in forming the western edge of bison distribution. Using 9,384 historical journal observations from 1691 – 1928, we employ MaxEnt ecological niche modelling to identify suitable bison habitat across the Western Cordillera from bottom-up climatic, land cover, and topographic factors. We then use mixed-effect logistic regression to test if bison occurrence in journal records can be in part explained by the abundance of Indigenous humans, wolves, or grizzly bears, in addition to MaxEnt-derived habitat suitability. We find support for our hypothesis because of the limited suitable habitat in the Rocky Mountains that likely prevented westward bison dispersal from core habitat, and there was a negative relationship between bison occurrence and human harvest pressure. On this basis, we propose that intensive human harvest from large populations in the Western Cordillera, subsidized by other wildlife, salmon, and vegetation resources, is an underappreciated socioecological process that needs to be restored alongside bison populations. Co-managing bison with Indigenous people will also mitigate the adverse effects of overabundant bison and maximize the ecological and cultural benefits of bison restoration.

show abstract

Section: Processes Limiting Historic Bison Distributionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Buffalo on the Edge: Factors Affecting Historical Distribution and Restoration of Bison bison in the Western Cordillera, North America

Farr¹,

White²

2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Our analysis and other research support the hypothesis that high human abundance is negatively related to bison occurrence due to the socio-political pressure to over-exploit bison populations where possible [30,88,98,99]. For example, the relatively recent extirpation of bison (<3000 BP) in Alaska and Yukon may be associated with increasing human numbers [109,110] and the development of hide trade routes from the Liard and Yukon Rivers to the Pacific coast [111,112]. The recent population growth of bison restored both at the edge and outside of their core historic range (Table 2) emphasizes that human harvest may have been as important, or potentially more limiting, than the bottom-up factors in these areas.…”

Section: Processes Limiting Historic Bison Distributionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Buffalo on the Edge: Factors Affecting Historical Distribution and Restoration of Bison bison in the Western Cordillera, North America

Farr

White²

2022

Diversity

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The historic western edge of the bison (Bison bison) range and the ecological processes that caused its formation are frequently debated with important implications for bison restoration across North America. We test the hypothesis that a combination of bottom-up habitat suitability and top-down harvest pressure from Indigenous peoples were important processes in forming the western edge of bison distribution. Using 9384 historical journal observations from 1691–1928, we employ MaxEnt ecological niche modelling to identify suitable bison habitat across the Western Cordillera from bottom-up climatic, land cover, and topographic factors. We then use mixed-effect logistic regression to test if bison occurrence in journal records can be in part explained by the abundance of humans, wolves, or grizzly bears, in addition to MaxEnt-derived habitat suitability. We find support for our hypothesis because of the limited suitable habitat in the Rocky Mountains that likely prevented westward bison dispersal from their core habitat, and there was a negative relationship between bison occurrence and human harvest pressure. On this basis, we propose that intensive human harvest from large populations in the Western Cordillera, subsidized by other wildlife, salmon, and vegetation resources, is an underappreciated socioecological process that needs to be restored alongside bison populations. Co-managing bison with Indigenous peoples will also mitigate the adverse effects of overabundant bison populations and maximize the ecological and cultural benefits of bison restoration.

show abstract

“…In these sink regions, bison persistence in relative isolation from a source population, while facing considerable harvest pressure, was highly improbable. Similarly, we suggest that the relatively recent extirpation of bison (<3000 BP) in Alaska and Yukon may be associated with increasing human numbers [98,99], and development of hide trade routes from the Liard and Yukon rivers to the Pacific coast [100,101].…”

Section: Processes Limiting Historic Bison Distributionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Buffalo on the Edge: Factors affecting Historical Distribution and Restoration of Bison bison in the Western Cordillera, North America

Farr¹,

White²

2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The historic western edge of bison (Bison bison) range and the ecological processes that caused its formation are frequently debated with important implications for bison restoration in the Western Cordillera of North America. We test the hypothesis that a combination of bottom-up habitat suitability and top-down harvest pressure from Indigenous peoples were important processes in forming the western edge of bison distribution. Using 9,384 historical journal observations from 1691 – 1928, we employ MaxEnt ecological niche modelling to identify suitable bison habitat across the Western Cordillera from bottom-up climatic, land cover, and topographic factors. We then use mixed-effect logistic regression to test if bison occurrence in journal records can be explained by the abundance of Indigenous humans, wolves, or grizzly bears, in addition to MaxEnt-derived habitat suitability. We find support for our hypothesis based on the limited suitable habitat in the Rocky Mountains that likely prevented westward bison dispersal from core habitat, and the was a negative relationship between bison occurrence and human harvest pressure. On this basis, we propose that intensive human harvest from large Indigenous populations in the Western Cordillera, subsidized by other wildlife, salmon, and vegetation resources, is an underappreciated socioecological process that needs to be restored alongside bison populations. Co-managing bison with Indigenous people will also mitigate the adverse effects of overabundant bison and maximize the ecological and cultural benefits of bison restoration.

show abstract

Subarctic landscape adaptations and paleodemography: A 14,000-year history of climate change and human settlement in central Alaska and Yukon

Cited by 6 publications

References 59 publications

Buffalo on the Edge: Factors Affecting Historical Distribution and Restoration of <em>Bison bison </em>in the Western Cordillera, North America

Buffalo on the Edge: Factors Affecting Historical Distribution and Restoration of <em>Bison bison </em>in the Western Cordillera, North America

Buffalo on the Edge: Factors Affecting Historical Distribution and Restoration of Bison bison in the Western Cordillera, North America

Buffalo on the Edge: Factors affecting Historical Distribution and Restoration of <em>Bison bison </em>in the Western Cordillera, North America

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