Subacute toxicity of ergometrine maleate in rats

Peters-Volleberg, G.W.M.; Beems, Rudolf B.; Speijers, G.J.A.

doi:10.1016/s0278-6915(96)00060-9

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Enlarged livers have been associated with increased hepatocellular glycogen storage in rats fed diets containing up to 250 mg ergometrine maleate/kg for four weeks [15], or 20–500 mg ergocryptine/kg for 28–32 days [16,17]. As no histopathology was performed in the present experiment the nature of the hepatomegalia needs to be examined further.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ergot Alkaloids in Fattening Chickens (Broilers): Toxic Effects and Carry over Depending on Dietary Fat Proportion and Supplementation with Non-Starch-Polysaccharide (NSP) Hydrolyzing Enzymes

Dänicke¹

2017

Toxins

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ergot alkaloids (EA) are mycotoxins produced by Claviceps purpurea. EA-toxicity is poorly characterized for fattening chickens. Therefore, a dose–response study was performed to identify the lowest, and no observed adverse effect levels (LOAEL and NOAEL, respectively) based on several endpoints. Non-starch-polysaccharide (NSP) cleaving enzyme addition and dietary fat content were additionally considered as factors potentially influencing EA-toxicity. Feed intake was proven to respond most sensitively to the EA presence in the diets. This sensitivity appeared to be time-dependent. While LOAEL corresponded to a total dietary EA content of 5.7 mg/kg until Day 14 of age, it decreased to 2.03 mg/kg when birds were exposed for a period of 35 days. Consequently, NOAEL corresponded to an EA content of 2.49 mg/kg diet until Day 14 of age, while 1.94 mg/kg diet applied until Day 35 of age. Liver lesions indicating enzyme activities in serum were increased after 14 days of exposure. Dietary fat content and NSP-enzyme supplementation modified EA toxicity in an interactive manner. The EA residues in serum, bile, liver and breast meat were <5 ng/g suggesting a negligible carry over of intact EA.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ergot Alkaloids in Fattening Chickens (Broilers): Toxic Effects and Carry over Depending on Dietary Fat Proportion and Supplementation with Non-Starch-Polysaccharide (NSP) Hydrolyzing Enzymes

Dänicke¹

2017

Toxins

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Earlier findings revealed that ergot alkaloids affected the nutrient status of the liver [2,3,4]. Moreover, hepatic CYP metabolism of and induction by ergot alkaloids have been demonstrated [5,6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides their pharmacological potential, ergot alkaloids are also capable of influencing the liver, the organ exposed to these substances via the portal vein directly after absorption from the gastro-intestinal tract. The liver is involved in xenobiotic metabolism and was shown to respond to ergocryptine and ergometrine maleate with an increased liver weight and an altered glycogen metabolism of rats [2,3,4]. Moreover, the xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) family were demonstrated to be involved in ergot metabolism [5] and to be induced [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Ergot Alkaloids on Liver Function of Piglets as Evaluated by the 13C-Methacetin and 13C-α-Ketoisocaproic Acid Breath Test

Dänicke

Diers

2013

Toxins

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ergot alkaloids (the sum of individual ergot alkaloids are termed as total alkaloids, TA) are produced by the fungus Claviceps purpurea, which infests cereal grains commonly used as feedstuffs. Ergot alkaloids potentially modulate microsomal and mitochondrial hepatic enzymes. Thus, the aim of the present experiment was to assess their effects on microsomal and mitochondrial liver function using the 13C-Methacetin (MC) and 13C-α-ketoisocaproic acid (KICA) breath test, respectively. Two ergot batches were mixed into piglet diets, resulting in 11 and 22 mg (Ergot 5-low and Ergot 5-high), 9 and 14 mg TA/kg (Ergot 15-low and Ergot 15-high) and compared to an ergot-free control group. Feed intake and live weight gain decreased significantly with the TA content (p < 0.001). Feeding the Ergot 5-high diet tended to decrease the 60-min-cumulative 13CO2 percentage of the dose recovery (cPDR60) by 26% and 28% in the MC and KICA breath test, respectively, compared to the control group (p = 0.065). Therefore, both microsomal and mitochondrial liver function was slightly affected by ergot alkaloids.

show abstract

“…EAs are mycotoxins that interact agonistically with monoamine receptors such as dopamine receptors and adversely affect the cardiovascular, nervous, reproductive and immune system of humans and animals 124–132. Reports on EA‐induced adverse effects include safety studies in animal models with selected EAs 127–130, a report on field outbreaks of EA toxicity in cattle resulting in loss of milk production, loss of body mass and reduced fertility 131 as well as a human intoxication reporting myocardial infarction upon prolonged therapeutic use of ergotamine 132. Pharmaceutically, ergotamine tartrate is used in the treatment of migraine.…”

Section: Alkaloids Derived From Tryptophanmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the subacute toxicity of the EA ‐ergocryptine has been studied in rats and has been ascribed to interactions with the central dopaminergic system with a NOAEL of 4 mg/kg diet, amounting to about 0.2 mg/kg bw/day 127, 128. In another study, the subacute toxicity of ergometrine maleate was characterised in rats pointing at a NOAEL of 10 mg ergometrine maleate/kg diet equivalent to about 1 mg ergometrine maleate/kg bw/day corresponding to 0.74 mg ergometrine/kg bw/day 129. The authors of this study also indicated that the maximum concentration of EAs in rey, wheat and oats in The Netherlands was reported to amount to 2.36 mg/kg.…”

Section: Alkaloids Derived From Tryptophanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alkaloids in the human food chain – Natural occurrence and possible adverse effects

Koleva

Beek

Soffers

et al. 2011

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

155

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Alkaloid-containing plants are an intrinsic part of the regular Western diet. The present paper summarizes the occurrence of alkaloids in the food chain, their mode of action and possible adverse effects including a safety assessment. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids are a reason for concern because of their bioactivation to reactive alkylating intermediates. Several quinolizidine alkaloids, β-carboline alkaloids, ergot alkaloids and steroid alkaloids are active without bioactivation and mostly act as neurotoxins. Regulatory agencies are aware of the risks and have taken or are considering appropriate regulatory actions for most alkaloids. These vary from setting limits for the presence of a compound in feed, foods and beverages, trying to define safe upper limits, advising on a strategy aiming at restrictions in use, informing the public to be cautious or taking specific plant varieties from the market. For some alkaloids known to be present in the modern food chain, e.g., piperine, nicotine, theobromine, theophylline and tropane alkaloids risks coming from the human food chain are considered to be low if not negligible. Remarkably, for many alkaloids that are known constituents of the modern food chain and of possible concern, tolerable daily intake values have so far not been defined.

show abstract

Subacute toxicity of ergometrine maleate in rats

Cited by 13 publications

References 10 publications

Ergot Alkaloids in Fattening Chickens (Broilers): Toxic Effects and Carry over Depending on Dietary Fat Proportion and Supplementation with Non-Starch-Polysaccharide (NSP) Hydrolyzing Enzymes

Ergot Alkaloids in Fattening Chickens (Broilers): Toxic Effects and Carry over Depending on Dietary Fat Proportion and Supplementation with Non-Starch-Polysaccharide (NSP) Hydrolyzing Enzymes

Effects of Ergot Alkaloids on Liver Function of Piglets as Evaluated by the 13C-Methacetin and 13C-α-Ketoisocaproic Acid Breath Test

Alkaloids in the human food chain – Natural occurrence and possible adverse effects

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About