Subacute Toxicity of Chitosan Oligosaccharide in Sprague-Dawley Rats

Kim, Se‐Kwon; Park, Pyo-Jam; Yang, Hyun-Pil; Han, Sang‐Sup

doi:10.1055/s-0031-1300113

Cited by 31 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Similar effects have been reported previously [25,26]. Studies showed that chitosan have some effect on immune response as wound healing in veterinary treatment [24].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Safety evaluation of chitosan and chitosan acid salts from Panurilus argus lobster

Lagarto¹,

Merino²,

Valdés³

et al. 2015

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

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“…Similar effects have been reported previously [25,26]. Studies showed that chitosan have some effect on immune response as wound healing in veterinary treatment [24].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Safety evaluation of chitosan and chitosan acid salts from Panurilus argus lobster

Lagarto¹,

Merino²,

Valdés³

et al. 2015

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

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“…Acute toxicity tests in the mouse revealed an oral LD 50 higher than 16 g/kg, being this value in the same order as the ones for sugar or salt [157]. Sub-acute studies with chitosan oligosaccharides in the rat model showed that no hematological, blood biochemical or histopathological alterations were observed when animals were fed up to 2 g/kg/day for four weeks [158]. The intravenous injection of chitosan oligosaccharides and low MW chitosan in rabbits at 4.5 mg/kg/day during 11 days did not result in abnormal physiological symptoms, although lysozyme activity in the serum was moderately increased [159].…”

Section: In Vivo Datamentioning

confidence: 97%

Chitosan Formulations as Carriers for Therapeutic Proteins

Andrade

Antunes²,

Nascimento³

et al. 2011

CDDT

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Protein drugs represent a significant part of the new pharmaceuticals coming on the market every year and are now widely spread in therapy to treat or relief symptomatology related to many metabolic and oncologic diseases. The delivery of therapeutic proteins is still a major drawback against their maximum pharmacodynamic due to their physicochemical properties, poor stability, permeability and biodistribution. Despite the fact that the parenteral route remains the primary route of protein administration, research continues on non-parenteral delivery routes. However, the high molecular weight of proteins, combined with their hydrophilic and charged nature, renders transport through membranes very difficult. In this regard, the biopolymer chitosan exhibits several favorable biological properties, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, low-toxicity and mucoadhesiveness, which made it a promising candidate for the formulation of protein drugs. The success of a protein formulation depends not only on the stability of the delivery system but also on their ability to maintain the native structure and activity of the protein during preparation and the delivery, as well as during longterm storage of the formulation. Chitosan-based delivery systems have been proposed as valid approaches to provide such protective conditions. The development of novel protein delivery systems based on chitosan is a rising subject irrespective of the intended route of administration. In this review, the different approaches recently exploited to formulate and deliver therapeutic proteins are underlined.

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“…Good biocompatibility and low toxicity of chitosan [75][76][77][78], as well as its abundant sources, are features that each new excipient should have.…”

Section: Pharmaceutical Applications In Oral Mucosalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mucoadhesive Polymers as Enabling Excipients for Oral Mucosal Drug Delivery

Sandri

Rossi

Ferrari

et al. 2015

Advances in Delivery Science and Technology

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Mucoadhesion and mucoadhesive dosage forms have attracted and attract considerable interest as a means for providing intimate contact between drug/delivery systems and the site of absorption and for prolonging residence time at the target site. Their capability to adhere to mucosal substrates (mucus layer which covers the epithelial tissues) is a unique feature of mucoadhesive polymers. Such materials are capable not only of prolonging the residence time of drug/delivery systems at the application/absorption site but also of modulating drug release. For these reasons, they are suitable for local disease treatment as well as for systemic drug availability improvement. The intimate contact with the absorption site typical of mucoadhesive polymers can also prevent drug degradation due to enzymes present in the lumen of the target mucosal site.Academic and industrial research groups have performed extensive work within the last two decades to increase the knowledge of mucoadhesive polymer properties. These studies have led to a better comprehension of the mechanisms of mucoadhesion and consequently of the functional characteristics which render a polymer mucoadhesive. This understanding may lead to the development of new adhesive materials, possibly characterized by other functional properties.The increased demand for macromolecule (proteins/peptides and oligonucleotides) delivery systems has increased the interest in this area [1]. The aim of the present chapter is to illustrate the meaning and the mechanisms of mucoadhesion, the theories developed to explain such a phenomenon and the mucoadhesive polymers most frequently employed as enabling excipients for oral mucosal drug delivery. In this respect, the functional characterization of these polymers are discussed, focusing on the physico-chemical properties involved in the mucoadhesion process, and specific case studies of oral mucoadhesion are described.

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Subacute Toxicity of Chitosan Oligosaccharide in Sprague-Dawley Rats

Cited by 31 publications

References 14 publications

Safety evaluation of chitosan and chitosan acid salts from Panurilus argus lobster

Safety evaluation of chitosan and chitosan acid salts from Panurilus argus lobster

Chitosan Formulations as Carriers for Therapeutic Proteins

Mucoadhesive Polymers as Enabling Excipients for Oral Mucosal Drug Delivery

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