Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis: Isolation of Measles Virus from a Brain Biopsy

Horta-Barbosa, Luiz; Fuccillo, David A.; Sever, John L.; Zeman, Wolfgang

doi:10.1038/221974a0

Cited by 383 publications

(101 citation statements)

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“…Measles virus, normally associated with acute childhood infections, has been implicated in a slow persistent infection in children and young adults, namely subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) (Baublis & Payne, 1968;Bouteille et al, 1965;Connoly et al, 1967;Horta-Barbosa et al, 1969), and has also been linked with multiple sclerosis (Cathala & Brown, 1972;Levy et al, 1976) and Paget's bone disease (Basl6 et al, 1979). Measles virus is antigenically stable, a single infection giving life-long immunity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monoclonal Antibodies Against Measles Virus

Giraudon¹,

Wild²

1981

Journal of General Virology

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monoclonal Antibodies Against Measles Virus

Giraudon¹,

Wild²

1981

Journal of General Virology

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“…1). Measles virus has received perhaps the most attention as a consequence of the observation of increased measles antibodies in the sera and cerebrospinal fluids of MS patients (2) and the isolation of a measles-like virus from the brain and lymph nodes of patients with another slow neurological disease, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) (3,4 In the present study, we have investigated the in vitro antigen-specific induction of suppressor activity in lymphocytes from normal adult and MS patient donors, using measles virus.Our results show that, in response to measles challenge, lymphocytes from MS patients exhibit an almost total absence of suppressor activity. In addition, they fail to produce significant amounts of a soluble immunosuppressive and antiviral factor which appears to be interferon.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Absence of virus-induced lymphocyte suppression and interferon production in multiple sclerosis

Neighbour

Bloom

1979

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Lymphocytes from normal adult donors exposed in vitro to inactivated measles virus were found to exert significant suppression (33.9%) of the concanavalin A responses of cryopreserved, autochthonous responder cells. In marked contrast, lymphocytes from multiple sclerosis patients exhibited significantly reduced suppression (1.5%), and in 80% of cases failed to suppress at all. The degree of suppression increased slightly with age of the patient but did not vary with the clinical stage of disease. There was no apparent genetic restriction of suppressor activity. Although specificity of this phenomenon for measles virus has not been established, no differences in the responses of lymphocytes from normal or multiple sclerosis patient donors were found with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, Sendai, canine distemper, mumps, or influenza viruses.Supernates of measles-treated lymphocytes from normal donors possessed both suppressive and antiviral activities. Both activities were resistant to pH 2 treatment and were neutralized by an anti-human leukocyte interferon antiserum, strongly suggesting that interferon (probably type I) was the mediator of suppression. Consistent with their inability to suppress concanavalin A responses, lymphocytes from multiple sclerosis patients failed to produce significant amounts of interferon in response to measles challenge in vitro. These results extend previous observations that multiple sclerosis patients are unable to respond appropriately to measles virus antigen in vitro. The etiology and pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS), a slow neurological disease of man, remain unknown. Epidemiological and serological studies have suggested that an infectious agent might be responsible for this disease (reviewed in ref. 1). Measles virus has received perhaps the most attention as a consequence of the observation of increased measles antibodies in the sera and cerebrospinal fluids of MS patients (2) and the isolation of a measles-like virus from the brain and lymph nodes of patients with another slow neurological disease, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) (3,4 In the present study, we have investigated the in vitro antigen-specific induction of suppressor activity in lymphocytes from normal adult and MS patient donors, using measles virus.Our results show that, in response to measles challenge, lymphocytes from MS patients exhibit an almost total absence of suppressor activity. In addition, they fail to produce significant amounts of a soluble immunosuppressive and antiviral factor which appears to be interferon. MATERIALS AND METHODSLymphocyte Donors. Lymphocytes were separated, by Ficoll-Paque (Pharmacia) density gradient centrifugation, from 50 ml of heparinized blood drawn from the following groups of donors: normal adults (mean age, 35 yr; laboratory personnel); MS patients (mean age, 40 yr) who were diagnosed by a board-certified neurologist as having "clinically definite" MS according to the criteria of Schumacher et al. (12); patients with cerebrovascular dise...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several measles-like viruses (strains?) have been isolated by laboratory co-cultivation techniques, from cases of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) (Horta-Barbosa et al, 1969;Payne et al, 1969).During an investigation of the growth properties of an MV SSPE isolate, designated Halle (MVH), a temperature-dependent plaquing phenomenon (termed ring plaques) was observed. A study of the ring plaque growth phenomenon led to the isolation of MV interfering particles.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Interference Phenomenon Associated with a Measles Virus SSPE Isolate (Halle)

Tsang

Chang

Marusyk

1981

Journal of General Virology

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SUMMARYA measles virus (Halle SSPE isolate) induced ring plaque phenomenon (concentric rings of living and dead cells) has been shown to be associated with the temperaturedependent production of interfering particles. The interfering particles have been purified by potassium tartrate linear gradient centrifugation and have buoyant densities of 1.15 g/ml (M particle) and 1-06 g/ml (L particle) respectively. Both interfering particle populations have been shown to decrease the yield of wild-type measles virus from infected cells by 50% when co-infection experiments were performed. Neither the M or L particle population interfered with the growth of VSV in the same host-cell system.Measles virus (MV), a member of the Paramyxoviridae family (genus Morbillivirus) is currently undergoing extensive investigation, particularly with regard to its possible involvement in the aetiology of certain neurological diseases and/or disorders (ter Meulen & Hall, 1978). Several measles-like viruses (strains?) have been isolated by laboratory co-cultivation techniques, from cases of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) (Horta-Barbosa et al., 1969;Payne et al., 1969).During an investigation of the growth properties of an MV SSPE isolate, designated Halle (MVH), a temperature-dependent plaquing phenomenon (termed ring plaques) was observed. A study of the ring plaque growth phenomenon led to the isolation of MV interfering particles. This communication describes and discusses the possible implications of the phenomenon observed.The MVH isolate (obtained from Dr T. F. Wild, INSERM, Lyon, France) was twice plaque-purified in cultures of Vero cells (ATCC CCL81; Flow Laboratories). As many laboratories have noted that certain strains of MV grow to higher titres at 32 °C than at 37 °C (T. F. Wild, personal communication; A. Salmi, personal communication; this study), the MVH isolate was grown at 32 °C, 37 °C and 39 °C and examined at regular intervals for plaque production. At 5 days post-infection, the virus grown at 37 °C showed plaques with clear centres surrounded by a ring of cells (Fig. 1). As incubation progressed (up to 20 days post-infection) more rings appeared as the plaques enlarged until a concentric ring pattern appeared (ring plaques). Vital dye (neutral red) staining indicated that the ring plaques consisted of alternating, concentric rings of living and dead cells. Plaques observed at 32 °C and 39 °C were distinct from those seen at 37 °C (Fig. i) and at no time were the characteristic ring plaques seen at 32 °C or 39 °C. Use of alternate host-cell systems for plaque titration of the MVH isolate (BSC-1, ATCC CCL26; HEp-2, ATCC CCL23; KB, ATCC CCL17) gave similar results, although the ring plaques produced were considerably smaller in size (not shown). Such results would indicate that the phenomenon is not host-cell dependent. The larger plaque size observed in the Vero host-cell system can be related to the greater efficiency of MV replication in that particular cell system. Plaque titration of the MV LEC SSPE isolat...

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Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis: Isolation of Measles Virus from a Brain Biopsy

Cited by 383 publications

References 3 publications

Monoclonal Antibodies Against Measles Virus

Monoclonal Antibodies Against Measles Virus

Absence of virus-induced lymphocyte suppression and interferon production in multiple sclerosis

An Interference Phenomenon Associated with a Measles Virus SSPE Isolate (Halle)

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