Subacute Aerococcus urinae Infective Endocarditis With Mycotic Aneurysms in a Pediatric Patient: Case Report and Literature Review

Sous, Natalie; Piwoz, Julia A; Baer, Aryeh; Bhavsar, Sejal Makvana

doi:10.1093/jpids/piz016

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Acinetobacter , a common opportunistic pathogen, is widely colonized in the digestive tract, skin, respiratory tract, and genitourinary tract, which can cause bacteremia, pneumonia, endocarditis, as well as urinary and skin infections ( Go et al., 1994 ; Livermore and Woodford, 2006 ; Lima et al., 2020 ). Aerococcus can result in endocarditis and urinary tract infections ( Yabes et al., 2018 ; Sous et al., 2019 ). Comamonas may be closely related to bacteremia ( Liu et al., 2020a ; Palacio et al., 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiome Analysis Reveals the Attenuation Effect of Lactobacillus From Yaks on Diarrhea via Modulation of Gut Microbiota

Dong

Liu

et al. 2021

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Domestic yaks (Bos grunniens) are indigenous to the Tibetan Plateau and display a high diarrhea rate due to poor habitat and husbandry conditions. Lactobacillus has been shown to exert beneficial effects as antimicrobial, growth promotion, and gut microbiota in humans and/or murine models, but the relevant data regarding Lactobacillus isolated from yaks was unavailable. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of Lactobacillus from yaks on the intestinal microbial community in a mouse model and determine whether Lactobacillus supplementation contributed in alleviating diarrhea by modulating gut microbiota. A total of 12 ileac samples from four groups were collected for 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing of V3-V4 region. Results revealed that although Lactobacillus supplementation did not change the diversity of gut microbiota in mice, the proportion of some intestinal microbiota significantly changed. Specifically, the proportion of Lactobacillus and Sphingomonas in the Lactobacillus treated-group (L-group) were increased as compared to control group (C-group), whereas Pantoea, Cutibacterium, Glutamicibacter, Turicibacter, Globicatella, Microbacterium, Facklamia, unidentified_Corynebacteriaceae, Brachybacterium, and Staphylococcus were significantly decreased in the L-group. In contrast, Escherichia coli (E. coli) infection significantly decreased the proportion of beneficial bacteria such as Globicatella, Acinetobacter, Aerococcus, and Comamonas, while loads of pathogenic bacteria significantly increased including Roseburia and Megasphaera. Interestingly, Lactobacillus administration could ameliorate the microbial community structure of E. coli-induced diarrheal mice by reducing the relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria such as Paenibacillus, Aerococcus, Comamonas, Acinetobacter, Corynebacterium, Facklamia, and Globicatella. Results in this study revealed that Lactobacillus supplementation not only improved the gut microbiota but also alleviated diarrhea in mice, which may be mediated by modulating the composition and function of gut microbiota. Moreover, this study is expected to provide a new theoretical basis for the establishment of a preventive and treatment system for diarrhea in yaks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiome Analysis Reveals the Attenuation Effect of Lactobacillus From Yaks on Diarrhea via Modulation of Gut Microbiota

Dong

Liu

et al. 2021

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…Subacute IE with damage to mitral and aortic valves has also been reported. In vitro, susceptibility to penicillin, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, meropenem, tetracycline, levofloxacin, rifampin, linezolid, and vancomycin has been reported [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerococcus Urinae Endocarditis: A Case Report and Literature Review

Al-Asad¹,

Mazhar²,

Srivastava³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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A 75-year-old male, with a past medical history of chronic kidney disease stage 3 (CKD3) and a recent diagnosis of bilateral hydronephrosis and Foley catheter placement, presented to the emergency department for fever. Blood cultures grew Aerococcus urinae. Transthoracic echo (TTE) demonstrated thickened aortic valve leaflets with perforation, multiple echo densities, and severe aortic regurgitation. The patient developed decompensated congestive heart failure and cardiogenic shock. En route to surgery for emergent aortic valve replacement, the patient lost pulse and was resuscitated. The patient was subsequently transferred to the ICU where the family decided to initiate comfort care measures. This case highlights the importance and necessity of the prompt diagnosis and treatment of infective endocarditis and makes the reader aware of uncommon and rare organisms, such as Aerococcus urinae, as potential etiologies.

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“…However, the detection of A. urinae monocultures in both cases with AFBN suggests there is a causal relationship. Bacteraemia and systemic infection with A. urinae were described in the literature including two case reports with endocarditis in the paediatric population [ 11 , 12 ]. These findings suggest that invasive infections with A. urinae like AFBN are conceivable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These include the case of a 12-year-old boy with an acute pyelonephritis [ 10 ]. Two further cases (in an 11-year-old and a 17-year-old boy) had a subacute infective endocarditis, both with underlying congenital heart disease and an initial history of malodorous urine [ 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerococcus urinae — significance of detection in the paediatric urinary tract: a case series

et al. 2022

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Aerococcus urinae (A. urinae) is primarily recognized as a common pathogen in the geriatric population, causing urinary tract infection (UTI), sepsis, and endocarditis, predominantly in female patients. In the paediatric population, only a few case reports exist suggesting A. urinae causes malodorous urine in otherwise healthy boys. In this study, we investigated the spectrum of clinical and laboratory presentations of A. urinae detection in children. A retrospective, single-centre, case series including all patients with the detection of A. urinae during a 7-year study period. Patients with detection of A. urinae only in non-urogenital skin swabs were excluded. A total of 40 samples from 33 patients were identified of which 20 patients were included in the final analysis. The median (IQR) age was 6.8 (2.9–9.5) years; 18 (90%) patients were boys. Four patients were diagnosed with a UTI, six had malodorous urine without UTI, three were diagnosed with balanitis and seven showed A. urinae colonization in the urine culture. Urogenital disorders were present in 12 patients. Additional pathogens were detected in 13 patients. Recurrence of detection during our study period was observed in four (20%) patients. Conclusion: Beyond malodorous urine, A. urinae detection is associated with more severe presentations including UTI in the paediatric population. Pre-existing urogenital disorders were frequent, and therefore, a nephro-urological investigation should be considered in all cases of A. urinae detection in the paediatric population. What is Known:• Aerococcus urinae (A. urinae) is known to be a common pathogen in the geriatric population, causing urinary tract infection (UTI), sepsis, and endocarditis, predominantly in female patients.• In the paediatric population, A. urinae is mainly described as a low-grade pathogen. Some case reports describe A. urinae as the cause of extraordinary malodorous urine in otherwise healthy boys. What is New:• Beyond malodorous urine, A. urinae detection is associated with more severe presentations including UTI in the paediatric population.• A. urinae was mainly detected in boys with pre-existing urogenital disorders; therefore, a nephro-urological investigation should be considered in cases of A. urinae detection in the paediatric population.

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Subacute Aerococcus urinae Infective Endocarditis With Mycotic Aneurysms in a Pediatric Patient: Case Report and Literature Review

Cited by 9 publications

References 15 publications

Microbiome Analysis Reveals the Attenuation Effect of Lactobacillus From Yaks on Diarrhea via Modulation of Gut Microbiota

Microbiome Analysis Reveals the Attenuation Effect of Lactobacillus From Yaks on Diarrhea via Modulation of Gut Microbiota

Aerococcus Urinae Endocarditis: A Case Report and Literature Review

Aerococcus urinae — significance of detection in the paediatric urinary tract: a case series

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