Sub-seismic scale fracture pattern and in situ permeability data in the chalk atop of the Krempe salt ridge at Lägerdorf, NW Germany: Inferences on synfolding stress field evolution and its impact on fracture connectivity

Storti, Fabrizio; Balsamo, Fabrizio; Cappanera, Federico; Tosi, Giambattista

doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2011.03.014

Cited by 17 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…On the contrary, taking into account the increase of the hydraulic gradient from 0.02% (far from the fault zones) to 1.9-4.2% (close to the fault zones) along the south-western edge of the test site, it seems that a lower-permeability fault core is associated to the local fault zones, which partially impedes fluid flow, causing the gradient to locally rise. This relationship between hydraulic gradient increase and lower-permeability fault core is in agreement with the results of experimental studies carried out in other carbonate aquifers, fissured and karstified, where the groundwater flow lines are approximately orthogonal to the direction of the fault core [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43].…”

Section: Groundwater Flow Pathway and Regimesupporting

confidence: 90%

Integrating Hydrogeological and Microbiological Data and Modelling to Characterize the Hydraulic Features and Behaviour of Coastal Carbonate Aquifers: A Case in Western Cuba

Hernández-Díaz

Petrella

Bucci

et al. 2019

Water

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Carbonate aquifers are the primary source of freshwater in Cuba. Unfortunately, coastal groundwater is often contaminated by seawater intrusion. The main aim of the present study was to test the efficacy of an experimental modelling approach, ranging from hydrogeology/geomorphology to microbiology, to better characterise both the hydraulic features and behaviour of a coastal carbonate aquifer and acquire useful information to prevent groundwater salinization. The interdisciplinary approach was an effective tool in order to understand (i) the hydraulic role played by some fault zones; (ii) the influence of discontinuous heterogeneities on groundwater flow and saltwater wedge shape; (iii) mixing processes between different water bodies (groundwater, surface water, seawater); (iv) the role of karst conduits in influencing the step-like halocline within the mixing zone between fresh groundwater and seawater.

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Section: Groundwater Flow Pathway and Regimesupporting

confidence: 90%

Integrating Hydrogeological and Microbiological Data and Modelling to Characterize the Hydraulic Features and Behaviour of Coastal Carbonate Aquifers: A Case in Western Cuba

Hernández-Díaz

Petrella

Bucci

et al. 2019

Water

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“…Depending on the fracture network characteristics, fractures can behave as fluid flow conduits, barriers, and combined conduit-barriers [63,[109][110][111]. Detailed fracture description and parameter quantification then become crucial to analyze and predict the fluid flow behavior in subsurface aquifers or reservoirs [63,112,113]. The results indicate that the fracture system of the Upper Triassic dolomites can be approximated by fractal distribution and can be considered a natural fractal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractal Characterization of Multiscale Fracture Network Distribution in Dolomites: Outcrop Analogue of Subsurface Reservoirs

Pavičić,

Duić,

Vrbaški

et al. 2023

Fractal Fract

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Fractured aquifers, especially dolomites, are important hydrocarbon reservoirs and sources of thermal and groundwater in many parts of the world, especially in the Alpine-Dinaric-Carpathian region. The most dominant porosity type is fracture porosity, which acts as the preferential fluid pathway in the subsurface, thus strongly controlling fluid flow. Outcrops provide valuable information for the characterization of fracture networks. Dolomite rock properties and structural and diagenetic processes result in fractured systems that can be considered fractals. The fracture network was analyzed on 14 vertical outcrops in 35 digitized photographs. The values of the fractal dimensions varied slightly by the software and method used, but the trends were consistent, which confirms that all methods are valid. Small values of fractal dimension indicate the dominance of a few small or large fractures, and high values of fractal dimension result from a combination of large numbers of small fractures accompanied by a few large fractures. The mean value of the fractal dimension for analyzed fracture networks was 1.648. The results indicate that the fracture network of the Upper Triassic dolomites can be approximated by fractal distribution and can be considered a natural fractal, and values can be extrapolated to higher and lower scales (1D and 3D).

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“…Although a number of recent studies have examined fracture patterns within overburden adjacent to buried or removed salt walls (e.g. Koestler and Ehrmann, 1987;Storti et al, 2011), they seldom consider the influence of regional tectonics on fracturing. In addition, the role that salt plays in regional strike-slip fault systems has been relatively poorly studied in comparison to extensional tectonic settings (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fault and fracture patterns around a strike-slip influenced salt wall

Alsop

Weinberger

Marco

et al. 2018

Journal of Structural Geology

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The trends of faults and fractures in overburden next to a salt diapir are generally considered to be either parallel to the salt margin to form concentric patterns, or at right angles to the salt contact to create an overall radial distribution around the diapir. However, these simple diapir-related patterns may become more complex if regional tectonics influences the siting and growth of a diapir. Using the Sedom salt wall in the Dead Sea Fault system as our case study, we examine the influence of regional strike-slip faulting on fracture patterns around a salt diapir. This type of influence is important in general as the distribution and orientation of fractures on all scales may influence permeability and hence control fluid and hydrocarbon flow. Fractures adjacent to the N-S trending salt wall contain fibrous gypsum veins and injected clastic dykes, attesting to high fluid pressures adjacent to the diapir. Next to the western flank of the salt wall, broad (~1000 m) zones of upturn or 'drape folds' are associated with NW-SE striking conjugate extensional fractures within the overburden. Within 300 m of the salt contact, fracture patterns in map view display a progressive ~30°-35° clockwise rotation with more NNW-SSE strikes immediately adjacent to the salt wall. While some extensional faults display growth geometries, indicating that they were syndepositional and initiated prior to tilting of beds associated with drape folding, other fractures display increasing dips towards the salt, suggesting that they have formed during upturn of bedding near the diapir. These observations collectively suggest that many fractures developed to accommodate rotation of beds during drape folding. Extensional fractures in the overburden define a mean strike that is ~45° anticlockwise (counter-clockwise) of the N-S trending salt wall, and are therefore consistent with sinistral transtension along the N-S trending Sedom Fault that underlies the salt wall. Our outcrop analysis reveals fracture geometries that are related to both tilting of beds during drape folding, and regional strike-slip tectonics. The presence of faults and fractures that interact with drape folds suggests that deformation in overburden next to salt cannot be simply pigeon-holed into 'end-member' scenarios of purely brittle faulting or viscous flow.

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Sub-seismic scale fracture pattern and in situ permeability data in the chalk atop of the Krempe salt ridge at Lägerdorf, NW Germany: Inferences on synfolding stress field evolution and its impact on fracture connectivity

Cited by 17 publications

References 78 publications

Integrating Hydrogeological and Microbiological Data and Modelling to Characterize the Hydraulic Features and Behaviour of Coastal Carbonate Aquifers: A Case in Western Cuba

Integrating Hydrogeological and Microbiological Data and Modelling to Characterize the Hydraulic Features and Behaviour of Coastal Carbonate Aquifers: A Case in Western Cuba

Fractal Characterization of Multiscale Fracture Network Distribution in Dolomites: Outcrop Analogue of Subsurface Reservoirs

Fault and fracture patterns around a strike-slip influenced salt wall

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