Sub-Saharan African maize-based foods: Technological perspectives to increase the food and nutrition security impacts of maize breeding programmes

Ekpa, Onu; Palacios-Rojas, Natalia; Kruseman, Gideon; Fogliano, Vincenzo; Linnemann, A.R.

doi:10.1016/j.gfs.2018.03.007

Cited by 133 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…It is important to integrate low phytate program with breeding for high-Zn content, as the benefits of lpa mutant can be best realized in genotypes with higher kernel Zn. In addition to genetic interventions, phytate content can also be reduced through maize processing methods like lime-cooking and fermentation (Ekpa et al, 2018).…”

Section: Low Phytate Maize Genotypes For Enhancing Kernel-zn Bioavailmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the concentrations of most micronutrients in commonly used maize worldwide are not enough to have a nutritional impact on consumers, there is large genetic variation in maize that allows development of improved cultivars with higher concentrations of certain micronutrients, through biofortification (Bouis and Saltzman, 2017). Additional or complementary technologies in crop management and food science can also contribute to enhancing the nutritional impact of maize-based diets (Nuss and Tanumihardjo, 2011;Ekpa et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular Breeding for Nutritionally Enriched Maize: Status and Prospects

et al. 2020

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Maize is a major source of food security and economic development in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), Latin America, and the Caribbean, and is among the top three cereal crops in Asia. Yet, maize is deficient in certain essential amino acids, vitamins, and minerals. Biofortified maize cultivars enriched with essential minerals and vitamins could be particularly impactful in rural areas with limited access to diversified diet, dietary supplements, and fortified foods. Significant progress has been made in developing, testing, and deploying maize cultivars biofortified with quality protein maize (QPM), provitamin A, and kernel zinc. In this review, we outline the status and prospects of developing nutritionally enriched maize by successfully harnessing conventional and molecular marker-assisted breeding, highlighting the need for intensification of efforts to create greater impacts on malnutrition in maize-consuming populations, especially in the low-and middle-income countries. Molecular marker-assisted selection methods are particularly useful for improving nutritional traits since conventional breeding methods are relatively constrained by the cost and throughput of nutritional trait phenotyping.

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Section: Low Phytate Maize Genotypes For Enhancing Kernel-zn Bioavailmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Breeding for Nutritionally Enriched Maize: Status and Prospects

et al. 2020

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“…As an important cereal-fodder and grain crop, its cultivation can be established under both irrigated and rain-fed agriculture systems [1], either as a monocrop or included in an intercropping system. Principally, maize serves as a major staple food crop for almost every household in SSA with varied and preferential consumption forms [3]. According to [4], maize also forms a rich source of livestock and poultry feed pertinent for its dry matter transformation into meat, milk, and eggs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, across sub-Saharan Africa, maize yield remains low and highly variable between years, with a mean less than 1.5 t/ha [5], only just enough to reach selfsufficiency in many areas including Ghana,where soil characterization have been described to be low in organic carbon (<1.5%), total nitrogen (<0.2%), exchangeable potassium (<100 mg/kg) and available phosphorus (<10 ppm) [6]. Aside its low production, demand for maize has been predicted to increase exponentially due to the anticipated increase in global population [7], indicating a triple demand preference in SSA by 2050 [3]. Besides, achievable yield under low recognition levels in the Guinea Savanna agroecology can be reflected upon to be the major cause of the acute poverty and hunger since maize remains the most cultivated crop in the region [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycultural Productivity of Maize (Zea mays L.) as Affected by Tillage Practices, Fertilizer Rates and Intercropping Systems in the Guinea Savannah Agroecology, Ghana

Ghanney¹,

Kugbe²,

Badii³

2020

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Soil impoverishment remains a major constraint to food crop production in the Guinea Savanna agroecology of Ghana. Most soils identified in this ecology are fragile and deficient in nutrients due to inappropriate management practices. To resolve this challenge, field studies were conducted to assess the polycultural productivity of maize as affected by tillage practices, fertilizer rates and intercropping systems. The study was however conducted in two cropping seasons (2016 and 2017) at Yagaba in the Mamprugu Moaduri District of Northern Ghana. Treatments consisting of 2 tillage practices (direct seeding and ploughing), 2 fertilizer application rates (zero rate [0-0-0 kg/ha NPK] and recommended rate [60-30-30 kg/ha NPK]) and 3 intercropping systems (sole maize, cowpea [Vigna unguiculata L. Walp] and soybean [Glycine max L.]) were factorially examined in three replications using randomized complete block design. Although the maize responded differently to the varied treatments, its exposure to ploughing, 60-30-30 kg/ha fertilizer rate and soybean intercropping system were in general influential in enhancing vegetative growth, yield and yield components. The responsiveness of maize to ploughing and 60-30-30 kg/ha fertilizer rate increased grain yield by 8.60% and 37.68%, respectively than their untreated controls. Regardless of not directly supplying the intercrops with the inorganic fertilizer, nodulation count and effectiveness of cowpea and soybean were improved under ploughed fields treated with 60-30-30 kg/ha fertilizer rate. The combined impact of ploughing, 60-30-30 kg/ha fertilizer rate and soybean integration resulted in higher profit returns. Hence, this study recommends to small-holder farmers in the Guinea Savannah agroecology of Ghana to adapt to the implementation of ploughing, 60-30-30 kg/ha fertilizer rate and soybean intercropping system for yield improvement and profit maximization.

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“…There is great opportunity to improve crop productivity in SSA through the implementation of soy-maize rotations as a form of agricultural intensification. Maize is an important staple crop and is widely cultivated in many regions of SSA (Badu-Apraku and Fakorede, 2017;Ekpa et al, 2018). The combination of legume and cereal crops creates a stable system that can help protect soil fertility and reduce abiotic and biotic pressures, while also producing high yields (Agyare et al, 2006;Nyagumbo et al, 2016;Franke et al, 2018;Uzoh et al, 2019).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%