Sub-Saharan Africa's orphan crisis

Lombe, Margaret; Ochumbo, Alex

doi:10.1177/0020872808093345

Cited by 15 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…This confirms the assertion that perception toward the risk of acquiring HIV depends on the history of condom use behavior and emphasizes the importance of accurately assessing an individual's risk of acquiring HIV to encourage behavior change (34-36). These results suggest a need for intensive social, behavior change and risk communication strategies in addition to increased condom availability and promotion as part of programs implemented to reduce vulnerability and/or protect orphaned adolescents and youth (37,38).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risky sexual behaviors among orphaned youth in South Africa: findings of the 2017 population-based household survey

Vondo,

Mabaso,

Mehlomakulu

et al. 2023

Front. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry

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IntroductionIn sub-Saharan Africa, evidence shows that orphaned youth are exposed to more risky sexual behaviors than non-orphaned peers, which increases the chances of contracting HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. The fast rises in the prevalence of orphanhood are a result of the HIV/AIDS epidemic.MethodologyThe data for this secondary analysis were collected through a cross-sectional, multi-stage, stratified, cluster randomized sampling design. Multivariable backward stepwise logistic regression analysis was fitted to determine the factors associated with risky sexual behaviors among male and female adolescents and youth aged 12–24 years.ResultsOf 2,556 orphaned participants, 18.3% (95% CI: 14.3–23.0) had two or more sexual partners in the last 12 months, 31.3% (95% CI: 26.3–36.6) reported no condom use at last sex, and 98.3% (95% CI: 96.6–99.2) reported no consistent condom use. The likelihood of reporting multiple sexual partnerships was significantly lower among female adolescents, those residing in rural formal/farm areas, and those who reported sexual debut at age 15 years and was higher among those who reported sexual partners 5 years and older than their age group. The odds of not using a condom at last sex were significantly higher among female adolescents and those who perceived themselves as being at high risk of HIV infection and were significantly lower among those who had sexual debut at age 15 years and older.DiscussionThe findings suggest that there is a need for sexual risk-reduction strategies targeted at orphans, especially male orphans and those residing in urban areas. Such efforts should include behavior change interventions for delaying the age of sexual debut, changing HIV risk perception, mitigating multiple sexual partnerships, age-disparate sexual relationships, and enhancing condom use.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risky sexual behaviors among orphaned youth in South Africa: findings of the 2017 population-based household survey

Vondo,

Mabaso,

Mehlomakulu

et al. 2023

Front. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry

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“…Thereafter, it is also important to examine literature on stunted growth in children more specifically. Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa suggests that orphaned children in the region are less likely to have access to health services and adequate nutrition and are considerably less likely to complete schooling than non-orphaned children (Lombe and Ochumbo 2008). While evidence from 49 lower-and middle-income countries finds that OVC are at a higher risk of adverse health outcomes (Finlay et al 2016), other international studies suggest that OVC are no more likely to be stunted than other children once socio-economic status has been accounted for (Ali et al 2018).…”

Section: Context and Literature Review 21 Orphanhood In South Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

Orphans and stunted growth: Investigating the potential of spatial network effects in service delivery for reducing stunting in orphans

Bridgman¹

2020

WIDER Working Paper

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Stunted growth in early life has serious implications for children and is a well-established constraint to productivity, life expectancy, and cognitive development. This paper evaluates the relative contributions of household resources and public service delivery in reducing the orphan-stunting penalty—the higher likelihood of orphans to be stunted. The results indicate that the effects of access to sanitation significantly reduce this penalty. Moreover, sanitation is at least as important as private wealth in reducing the penalty while access to other services is not. The results indicate that co-ordination of services and economies of scale, as well as regional herd immunity in stopping diarrhoea among children, could play an important role in providing lasting solutions to stunting more generally and orphan vulnerability in particular. This evidence is crucial as a case study in understanding how best to care for vulnerable children in South Africa but also for developing countries.

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Constructing “Family” During Child–Family Separation

Gwenzi

2023

Palgrave Macmillan Studies in Family and Intimate Life

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Sub-Saharan Africa's orphan crisis

Cited by 15 publications

References 25 publications

Risky sexual behaviors among orphaned youth in South Africa: findings of the 2017 population-based household survey

Risky sexual behaviors among orphaned youth in South Africa: findings of the 2017 population-based household survey

Orphans and stunted growth: Investigating the potential of spatial network effects in service delivery for reducing stunting in orphans

Constructing “Family” During Child–Family Separation

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