Sub-optimal Automatic Generation Control of Interconnected Power System Using Output Vector Feedback Control Strategy

Abstract

This article presents the sub-optimal automatic generation control regulator designs of a two-area interconnected power system using output feedback control strategy. The power system consists of identical plants with reheat thermal turbines and is interconnected via parallel AC/DC links. Efforts have been made to propose sub-optimal automatic generation control regulators based on the feedback of output state variables, which may easily be accessible and available for measurement. In addition, the proposed regulators are designed using a modified area control error, which incorporates the DC tie-line power deviation in the modeling of area control errors. The system dynamic performance has been investigated with the implementation of designed sub-optimal automatic generation control regulators in the wake of 1% load disturbance in one of the two areas. Also, system dynamic responses with optimal automatic generation control regulators for the same power system model are obtained to compare the system dynamic response obtained with the proposed sub-optimal automatic generation control regulators.

AGC of a two‐area multi‐source power system interconnected via AC/DC parallel links under restructured power environment

“…The design of optimal regulators is reported in literature [1,2,6,21,[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37]39,40]. As per linear optimal control theory, the optimal control law for the continuous time dynamic model of power system given in the state variable form by Eq.…”

“…AGC of a deregulated two-area thermal power system interconnected via AC/DC parallel links is reported in the literature [29,30]. Additionally, AC/DC parallel links are effectively used to improve dynamic performance of a traditional interconnected two-area power system for a small step load disturbance by using optimal [31,32] and sub-optimal control [33,34] strategies. Recent literature surveys show that some authors investigated the AGC of power systems having diverse source generations in each system area [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42].…”

“…The transfer function of DC link as shown in Figure 2 is taken from [29][30][31][32][33][34][35]37]. The incremental power flow through DC link (ΔPtie dc ) operating in constant current control mode is modeled with incremental change in rectifier end frequency [35].…”

Generation‐based automatic generation control with multisources power system using bacterial foraging algorithm

“…The state vector feedback AGC controller design by using optimal control theory to attain better system performance was carried out in References 2–9. Besides the state feedback controllers, output feedback, decentralized controllers were reported out in References 10–14, suboptimal control (in case measurement from all the states are not available) were also reported in References 15, 16, which are more practical types of AGC controllers.…”

“…The power system structural changes due to variations of types of generation, MW of generation and scheduled load demand, however, were not incorporated in References 1–40, 44–48. Therefore, this article presents a novel AGC study of design and performance investigation of generation‐based PID structured AGC controller in 2‐area multisources power system with power generation of using hydro, thermal, and gas based energy sources.…”