Sub-lethal exposure to ultraviolet radiation reduces prey consumption by Atlantic cod larvae (Gadus morhua)

Fukunishi, Yuichi; Browman, Howard I.; Durif, Caroline; Bjelland, Reidun M.; Shema, Steven; Fields, David M.; Skiftesvik, Anne Berit

doi:10.1007/s00227-013-2253-1

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The impact of UVR on early development stages of marine organisms has been documented before (Lesser et al 2001, Bancroft et al 2007, Mitchell et al 2009, Sucré et al 2012, Fukunishi et al 2013a) and this study confirms that coral reef fish larvae are no exception. It is further unclear whether protection mechanisms such as Mycosporine-like Amino Acids (MAAs, see chapter 4) are present in reef fish larvae, however UV-absorbing compounds are present in eggs (Plack 1981) and ovaries and are thought to be passed on to eggs by female fish (Zamzow 2004).…”

Section: Melanurus Lethrinus Nebulosus Pomacentrus Amboinensis Psesupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Further, the potential for altered behaviour under UVR exposure was evident in juveniles with reduced foraging activity (chapter 3), comparable to negative effects of UVR reported in freshwater fish (Alemanni et al 2003, Holtby & Bothwell 2008. Additionally to the immediate damage to DNA during UV exposure, the decreased activity could lead to slower growth due to a lower food intake (Fukunishi et al 2013a) and decreased survival rate in the population if the effects of UVR on behaviour and activity are different in predatory species (Fukunishi et al 2012). Whether this could lead to changes in an even broader context (e.g.…”

Section: Role Of Uv Vision and Communication In Avoidance Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…If left unrepaired, UV-induced DNA damage can lead to mutations (Ikehata & Ono 2011) and apoptosis of affected cells (Browman et al 2003, Lo et al 2005. In fish, the effects of UVR exposure include damage to tissues of the skin (Armstrong et al 2002) and even the brain (Vehniäinen et al 2012), increased mortality (Dong et al 2007, Fukunishi et al 2013a, 2013b) and behavioural changes in trout (Alemanni et al 2003) and salmon (Kelly & Bothwell 2002). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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UV-induced DNA damage in coral reef fish: damage levels and protection mechanisms

Braun¹

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Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) reaching the surface of earth has been recognized as a major environmental stressor for marine organisms due to the potential of UVB (280 -315 nm) to induce DNA damage such as cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) that can lead to cell death. Despite inhabiting a UV-rich environment, the levels of DNA damage in reef fish and factors influencing these levels are unknown. Whether reef fish are able to avoid UVR and repair UV-induced DNA damage is unclear despite the importance of these protection mechanisms in other animals. The presence of UV-absorbing Mycosporine-like Amino Acids (MAAs) in the external mucus of reef fish has been confirmed, however the efficiency of these compounds in preventing CPDs has not been studied. The aim of this PhD was to assess the impact of ambient and elevated levels of UVR on reef fish in terms of UV-induced DNA damage, and to evaluate the protective mechanisms available to fish with and without UV vision.In order to determine the net level of DNA damage in skin samples of 15 species of fish from the reefs surrounding Lizard Island, a CPD-specific antibody was used in an ELISA. Analysis using a boosted regression tree shows that the most important factors governing CPDs were species and size, with higher damage being detected in smaller individuals. Other factors such as family, depth and the presence or absence of UV vision contributed the least to the variation in damage. The length of exposure to natural levels of UVR over the course of a day was found to have no significant influence on net DNA damage levels, which were relatively low in situ, compared to levels that were detected in later experiments using elevated UVR.The first protection mechanism, behavioural avoidance to UVR, was tested using behavioural experiments in which fish with (Pomacentrus amboinensis) and without UV vision (Thalassoma lunare) were given a choice between UV-protected and UV-exposed compartments. Additionally, foraging behaviour of settlement-stage larvae of P. amboinensis was determined under ambient levels of UVR. Automated analysis of video footage using MatLab shows that neither species showed a specific avoidance response to varying levels of UVB. Although P. amboinensis showed a preference for deeper sections of the experimental tanks, fish spent equal amounts of time in exposed and protected compartments. The foraging activity and distance to shelter of P. amboinensis that were exposed to UVR were significantly reduced compared to fish that were observed under light conditions that lacked UVR.Next, the efficiency of natural sunscreens, MAAs, in preventing CPDs was tested in P. amboinensis and T. lunare. The levels of MAAs in the mucus of the two species were either reduced or maintained during captivity before exposure to a short pulse of high UVR.Spectrometric measurements of light transmission through mucus samples collected after irradiation were used to quantify the amount of MAAs available for protection. In both species, DNA damage levels in skin sampl...

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Section: Melanurus Lethrinus Nebulosus Pomacentrus Amboinensis Psesupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Role Of Uv Vision and Communication In Avoidance Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 53%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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UV-induced DNA damage in coral reef fish: damage levels and protection mechanisms

Braun¹

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“…In fishes, in addition to physiological responses to increased UVB levels [4], recent studies confirmed that UV can influence behaviours involved in predator -prey interactions in terms of a reduced escape performance in prey fish [5], a decrease in prey detection [6], as well as alterations in locomotion [7] and habitat selection [8]. However, these laboratory studies have focused mainly on consequences either of an acute direct UV exposure (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, these laboratory studies have focused mainly on consequences either of an acute direct UV exposure (e.g. [4,8]) or on effects following medium-term UVB exposure at larval or adult stages [5][6][7]. In comparison, it is unknown how long-term exposure to ecologically relevant UVB levels shapes behaviours that play a role in a predation context, although this is necessary for understanding the ecological consequences of chronic environmental stress for predator -prey interactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term UVB exposure promotes predator-inspection behaviour in a fish

et al. 2017

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Ultraviolet-B radiation (UVB) reaching the earth's surface has increased due to human-caused stratospheric ozone depletion. Whereas the harmful effects of UVB on aquatic organisms are well studied at the molecular and cellular level, recent studies have also begun to address behavioural changes caused by sublethal amounts of UVB. However, the behavioural consequences of long-term exposure to ecologically relevant UVB levels over several life stages are virtually unknown, particularly with regard to predator-prey behaviour. We found increased predator-inspection behaviour together with a smaller body length in three-spined sticklebacks () after fish were exposed for about seven months to natural sunlight conditions with enhanced UVB, compared with full siblings exposed to natural sunlight only. The observed change in antipredator behaviour may reflect a direct behavioural response mediated through UVB-induced oxidative stress during development. Alternatively, the smaller body size in UVB-exposed fish may result in an increased inspection effort allowing them to spend more time foraging. Our findings suggest that, within the scope of environmental change, UVB radiation constitutes an important stress factor by eliciting behavioural responses that influence crucial ecological processes, such as predator-prey interactions.

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Effect of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on the life stages of fish

Alves

Agustı́

2020

Rev Fish Biol Fisheries

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Current levels of Ultraviolet Radiation (UVR) represent a significant threat to many fish species. The first studies on the effects of UVR on organisms were performed on fish at the beginning of the twentieth century, and the topic has been progressing continuously until the present. Here, we review the reported harmful effects of ultraviolet B (UVB) and A (UVA) radiations in fish at different lifecycle stages, including embryo, larvae, juveniles and adults. The most evident negative effects during the early development stages are an increase in mortality and incidence in developmental malformations, with the skin and gills the most affected tissues in larvae. Growth reduction, a loss in body condition, and behavioral, physiological and metabolic changes in juveniles/adults occur under short- or long-term UVB exposure. The skin in juveniles/adults undergoes profound morphological and functional changes, even after acute exposure to UVR. Impairment of molecular and cellular processes was evidenced in all development stages by increasing the levels of DNA damage, apoptosis and changing tissues’ antioxidant status. The different photo-protective mechanisms to cope with excessive UVR exposure are also revised. Currently, stratospheric ozone dynamics and climate change interact strongly, enhancing the potential exposure of fish to UVR under water. Due to these environmental changes, fish are exposed to new and complex interactions between UVR and environmental stressors, which potentially affects fish growth and survival. Understanding the ability of fish to cope and adapt to these environmental changes will be essential to evaluate the potential impact in fisheries and mitigate ecological problems.

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Sub-lethal exposure to ultraviolet radiation reduces prey consumption by Atlantic cod larvae (Gadus morhua)

Cited by 12 publications

References 33 publications

UV-induced DNA damage in coral reef fish: damage levels and protection mechanisms

UV-induced DNA damage in coral reef fish: damage levels and protection mechanisms

Long-term UVB exposure promotes predator-inspection behaviour in a fish

Effect of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on the life stages of fish

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