Sub-chronic taurine administration induces behavioral sensitization but does not influence ethanol-induced dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens

Ulenius, Lisa; Andrén, Anna; Adermark, Louise; Söderpalm, Bo; Ericson, Mia

doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2019.172831

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…In order to avoid degradation of taurine, sodium azide (50% v / v ) was added to each individual sample before storage in −20°C. Taurine was detected using an HPLC system with fluorescence detection, as previously described 32 . Identification and quantification of taurine was accomplished by using two external standards containing 0.5–1.0 μM of taurine.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sodium acamprosate and calcium exert additive effects on nucleus accumbens dopamine in the rat

et al. 2022

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Acamprosate (Campral® – calcium‐bis[N‐acetylhomotaurinate]) is one of few available pharmacotherapies for individuals suffering from alcohol use disorder. Previously, we suggested that acamprosate reduces ethanol intake by increasing dopamine in the nucleus accumbens (nAc), thereby partly substituting for alcohol's dopamine releasing effect. An experimental study suggested the calcium moiety of acamprosate to be the active component of the drug and to mediate the relapse preventing effect. The aim of the present study was to, by means of reversed in vivo microdialysis, elucidate if the dopamine elevating properties of acamprosate are mediated by N‐acetylhomotaurine or by the calcium moiety. Male rats were equipped with a microdialysis probe in the nAc and received acute local treatment with regular acamprosate (CaAcamp 0.5 mM), calcium chloride (CaCl2 0.5 mM), sodium acamprosate (NaAcamp 0.5–1 mM), the glycine receptor (GlyR) antagonist strychnine (Stry 20 μM), or vehicle. In all experiments, extracellular levels of dopamine and taurine were examined. We found that local perfusion with both CaAcamp and CaCl2 increased dopamine levels in a GlyR‐dependent manner. NaAcamp did not influence dopamine levels, but concomitant administration with CaCl2 resulted in an additive dopamine output compared to the drugs administrated alone. We also found CaAcamp and the combination of CaCl2 and NaAcamp to increase accumbal taurine levels, suggesting that CaAcamp may act indirectly on GlyRs via taurine release. The present results indicate that both N‐acetylhomotaurine and the calcium moiety of acamprosate have dopamine elevating properties within the nAc and that, in this respect, these substances are beneficial in combination.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sodium acamprosate and calcium exert additive effects on nucleus accumbens dopamine in the rat

et al. 2022

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“…Next, the brain tissue samples were homogenized by ultrasound homogenization in a solution of 0.1 M perchloric acid and 10% EDTA. The homogenate was centrifuged at 12 000 rpm for 10 min at 4 °C and the supernatant was collected and analyzed for glycine and dopamine using a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with an electrochemical cell detector as previously described (Ulenius et al 2020 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Baseline levels for each animal was set to 100%. Microdialysate dopamine content was separated and quantified using HPLC with an electrochemical cell detector as previously described (Ulenius et al 2020 ). An external standard containing 3.25 nM of dopamine was used to identify the dopamine peak and to quantify dopamine concentrations in the dialysates.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The glycine-containing dipeptide leucine-glycine raises accumbal dopamine levels in a subpopulation of rats presenting a lower endogenous dopamine tone

et al. 2022

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Interventions that elevate glycine levels and target the glycine receptor (GlyR) in the nucleus Accumbens (nAc) reduce ethanol intake in rats, supposedly by acting on the brain reward system via increased basal and attenuated ethanol-induced nAc dopamine release. Glycine transport across the blood brain barrier (BBB) appears inefficient, but glycine-containing dipeptides elevate whole brain tissue dopamine levels in mice. This study explores whether treatment with the glycine-containing dipeptides leucine-glycine (Leu-Gly) and glycine-leucine (Gly-Leu) by means of a hypothesized, facilitated BBB passage, alter nAc glycine and dopamine levels and locomotor activity in two rodent models. The acute effects of Leu-Gly and Gly-Leu (1–1000 mg/kg, i.p.) alone or Leu-Gly in combination with ethanol on locomotion in male NMRI mice were examined in locomotor activity boxes. Striatal and brainstem slices were obtained for ex vivo HPLC analyses of tissue levels of glycine and dopamine. Furthermore, the effects of Leu-Gly i.p. (1–1000 mg/kg) on glycine and dopamine output in the nAc were examined using in vivo microdialysis coupled to HPLC in freely moving male Wistar rats. Leu-Gly and Gly-Leu did not significantly alter locomotion, ethanol-induced hyperlocomotor activity or tissue levels of glycine or dopamine, apart from Gly-Leu 10 mg/kg that slightly raised nAc dopamine. Microdialysis revealed no significant alterations in nAc glycine or dopamine levels when regarding all rats as a homogenous group. In a subgroup of rats defined as dopamine responders, a significant elevation of nAc dopamine (20%) was seen following Leu-Gly 10–1000 mg/kg i.p, and this group of animals presented lower baseline dopamine levels compared to dopamine non-responders. To conclude, peripheral injection of glycine-containing dipeptides appears inefficient in elevating central glycine levels but raises accumbal dopamine levels in a subgroup of rats with a lower endogenous dopamine tone. The tentative relationship between dopamine baseline and ensuing response to glycinergic treatment and presumptive direct interactions between glycine-containing dipeptides and the GlyR bear insights for refinement of the glycinergic treatment concept for alcohol use disorder (AUD).

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“…Microdialysis samples were analysed for DA as previously described [ 30 ]. In brief, DA content was analysed by HPLC with electrochemical detection, using an external standard containing 3.25 fmol/µl of DA to identify the peak and quantify the content.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential dopamine release by psychosis-generating and non-psychosis-generating addictive substances in the nucleus accumbens and dorsomedial striatum

et al. 2021

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Schizophrenia is associated with three main categories of symptoms; positive, negative and cognitive. Of these, only the positive symptoms respond well to treatment with antipsychotics. Due to the lack of effect of antipsychotics on negative symptoms, it has been suggested that while the positive symptoms are related to a hyperdopaminergic state in associative striatum, the negative symptoms may be a result of a reduced dopamine (DA) activity in the nucleus accumbens (nAc). Drug abuse is common in schizophrenia, supposedly alleviating negative symptomatology. Some, but not all, drugs aggravate psychosis, tentatively due to differential effects on DA activity in striatal regions. Here this hypothesis was tested in rats by using a double-probe microdialysis technique to simultaneously assess DA release in the nAc and associative striatum (dorsomedial striatum; DMS) following administration of the psychosis-generating substances amphetamine (0.5 mg/kg), cocaine (15 mg/kg) and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC, 3 mg/kg), and the generally non-psychosis-generating substances ethanol (2.5 g/kg), nicotine (0.36 mg/kg) and morphine (5 mg/kg). The data show that amphetamine and cocaine produce identical DA elevations both in the nAc and DMS, whereas nicotine increases DA in nAc only. Ethanol and morphine both increased DMS DA, but weaker and in a qualitatively different way than in nAc, suggesting that the manner in which DA is increased might be important to the triggering of psychosis. THC elevated DA in neither region, indicating that the pro-psychotic effects of THC are not related to DA release. We conclude that psychosis-generating substances affect striatal DA release differently than non-psychosis-generating substances.

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Sub-chronic taurine administration induces behavioral sensitization but does not influence ethanol-induced dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens

Cited by 12 publications

References 58 publications

Sodium acamprosate and calcium exert additive effects on nucleus accumbens dopamine in the rat

Sodium acamprosate and calcium exert additive effects on nucleus accumbens dopamine in the rat

The glycine-containing dipeptide leucine-glycine raises accumbal dopamine levels in a subpopulation of rats presenting a lower endogenous dopamine tone

Differential dopamine release by psychosis-generating and non-psychosis-generating addictive substances in the nucleus accumbens and dorsomedial striatum

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