This paper describes the systematic investigation into the aqueous self-assembly of a series of block copolymers (BCPs) consisting of maltoheptaose (MH; as the A block) and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL; as the B block), i.e., linear AB-type diblock copolymers with varied PCL molecular weights (MH-b-PCL (2.5k,3.3k,5k,10k) ), AB y -type (y = 2, MH-b-, which had been precisely synthesized via the combination of the living ringopening polymerization and click reaction. Under similar conditions, the nanoprecipitation method was employed to self-assemble them in an aqueous medium. Imaging and dynamic light scattering techniques indicated the successful formation of the carbohydrate-decorated nanoparticles via self-assembly. The MH-b-PCLs formed regular core−shell micellar nanoparticles with the hydrodynamic radius (R h ) of 17−43 nm. MH-b-(PCL 5k ) 2 and MH-b-(PCL 3.3k ) 3 , which have an N PCL comparable to MH-b-PCL 10k , were found to form large compound micelles with relatively large radii (R h of 49 and 56 nm, respectively). On the other hand, (MH) 2 -b-(PCL 5k ) 2 , (MH) 2 -b-PCL 10k , and (MH) 3 -b-PCL 10k predominantly formed the regular core−shell micellar nanoparticles (R h = 29−39 nm) with a size smaller than that of MH-b-PCL 10k (R h = 43 nm).