SU‐F‐I‐53: Coded Aperture Coherent Scatter Spectral Imaging of the Breast: A Monte Carlo Evaluation of Absorbed Dose

Morris, Robert E.; Lakshmanan, Manu N.; Fong, Grant; Kapadia, Anuj J.; Greenberg, Joel A.

doi:10.1118/1.4955881

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The radiation dose for CACSSI in breast cancer applications was explored using Monte Carlo simulations of compressed whole breasts in vivo. 44 The results of the study showed that when using a 5-cm compressed breast-the median compressed breast thickness is 5.2 cm and the median breast diameter is 11 cm 45 -a CACSSI exposure would deliver a dose of ∼17 nGy∕mAs. Assuming a 500-mAs exposure, the dose for a CACSSI scan would therefore be 8.5 mGy.…”

Section: Potential Applications In Vivomentioning

confidence: 96%

Accuracy assessment and characterization of x-ray coded aperture coherent scatter spectral imaging for breast cancer classification

et al. 2017

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Although transmission-based x-ray imaging is the most commonly used imaging approach for breast cancer detection, it exhibits false negative rates higher than 15%. To improve cancer detection accuracy, x-ray coherent scatter computed tomography (CSCT) has been explored to potentially detect cancer with greater consistency. However, the 10-min scan duration of CSCT limits its possible clinical applications. The coded aperture coherent scatter spectral imaging (CACSSI) technique has been shown to reduce scan time through enabling single-angle imaging while providing high detection accuracy. Here, we use Monte Carlo simulations to test analytical optimization studies of the CACSSI technique, specifically for detecting cancer in breast samples. An anthropomorphic breast tissue phantom was modeled, a CACSSI imaging system was virtually simulated to image the phantom, a diagnostic voxel classification algorithm was applied to all reconstructed voxels in the phantom, and receiver-operator characteristics analysis of the voxel classification was used to evaluate and characterize the imaging system for a range of parameters that have been optimized in a prior analytical study. The results indicate that CACSSI is able to identify the distribution of cancerous and healthy tissues (i.e., fibroglandular, adipose, or a mix of the two) in tissue samples with a cancerous voxel identification area-under-the-curve of 0.94 through a scan lasting less than 10 s per slice. These results show that coded aperture scatter imaging has the potential to provide scatter images that automatically differentiate cancerous and healthy tissue within samples. Furthermore, the results indicate potential CACSSI imaging system configurations for implementation in subsequent imaging development studies.

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Section: Potential Applications In Vivomentioning

confidence: 96%

Accuracy assessment and characterization of x-ray coded aperture coherent scatter spectral imaging for breast cancer classification

et al. 2017

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“…The Monte Carlo simulation is a valuable tool for accurately simulating the production of Xrays in many imaging and therapeutic applications [7][8][9][10][11]. Geant4 Application for Tomographic Emission (GATE) made the simulation even more accessible to many enduser researchers, eliminating the need for sophisticated software development [12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geant4 Simulation of Scatter Radiation Removal: Comparison and Validation of Anti-scatter Grid and Air Gap for X-ray Mammography

2024

JJP

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X-ray mammography modality provides excellent low-contrast resolution images with low scatter radiation, making it the gold standard in diagnosing breast cancer. Anti-scatter grid and air gap techniques are typically used to further minimize the scatter radiation and improve image quality. Thus, Geant4 simulation was used to investigate the effectiveness of these techniques in removing scatter radiation in X-ray mammography. The effectiveness of an anti-scatter grid was evaluated using the Bucky factor, where it linearly increased with increasing the anti-scatter grid ratio. It was found that increasing the grid frequency affects the Bucky factor depending on the design of the grid ratio. This research proved that designing an anti-scatter grid with high grid frequency (80 lp/mm), low grid ratio (2:1), and proper orientation minimized common anti-scatter grid artifacts. The effectiveness of the air gap technique was also evaluated using the air gap dose factor. It increased non-linearly with increasing magnification. This research validated that using smaller pixel sizes and small focal spot sizes improved spatial resolution with magnification. Our simulation validated that the anti-scatter grid and air gap were effective techniques in removing scatter radiation. By comparing these techniques, the anti-scatter grid was more effective in removing scatter radiation at the expense of increasing the radiation absorbed dose with the exception of 2.0 magnification. It’s recommended to be extremely cautious when using 2.0 magnification or a grid ratio higher or equal to 8:1. These parameters may cause the radiation absorbed dose to be increased by several folds. Keywords: Geant4, Gate, X-ray mammography, Scatter removal, Anti-scatter grid, Air gap.

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Extracting 3D Angiography Data from Simulated Computed Tomography Angiography Scans Using Low Iodine Contrast Agent

Alyassin¹

2022

IJMPCERO

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The purpose of this research is to investigate the feasibility of using low contrast agent concentration with X-ray computed tomography in visualizing and diagnosing the human vascular system while minimizing the risk of toxicity to the patient. This research investigated the effect of several iodine contrast agent concentrations on the ability to extract and visualize human vessels using simulated computed tomography scans. Monte Carlo simulation was used to perform these computed tomography acquisitions. The simulated patient was based on actual computed tomography angiography data, where a technique was developed to simulate brain vessels with contrast agents ranging from 0 mg to 20 mg of iodine. The simulation used segmented patient data along with basic image processing techniques to model the various levels of iodine concentrations. Cone beam computed tomography projections of a patient injected with and without iodine were acquired in the simulations. Subtraction of the corresponding projections was performed to generate images caused by the contrast agent. Then, histogram analysis of these differences was used to assess the validity of extracting and visualizing the human vessels. The smallest amount of iodine, 0.5 mg, helped better visualize the brain vessels and 2 mg of iodine was high enough to show almost 90% of the vessels. Additionally, the vessels were clearly visible in all the subtracted images. This research showed very promising outcomes in using low concentrations of iodine. Thus, this study proposes for the pharmaceutical companies and others interested to clinically investigate and evaluate the efficacy of using low concentrations of iodine and the associated side effects.

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SU‐F‐I‐53: Coded Aperture Coherent Scatter Spectral Imaging of the Breast: A Monte Carlo Evaluation of Absorbed Dose

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Accuracy assessment and characterization of x-ray coded aperture coherent scatter spectral imaging for breast cancer classification

Accuracy assessment and characterization of x-ray coded aperture coherent scatter spectral imaging for breast cancer classification

Geant4 Simulation of Scatter Radiation Removal: Comparison and Validation of Anti-scatter Grid and Air Gap for X-ray Mammography

Extracting 3D Angiography Data from Simulated Computed Tomography Angiography Scans Using Low Iodine Contrast Agent

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