Stylet oil provides limited control of aphid-transmitted viruses in melons

Umesh, Kodira C.; Valencia, Jesús; Hurley, Christine; Gubler, W. D.; Falk, Bryce W.

doi:10.3733/ca.v049n03p22

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…This fact could be explained by the fact that the HMO control of the spread of virus decreases when the viral inoculum pressure increases (Simons & Zitter, 1980;Umesh et al, 1995;Vidal et al, 2010). Therefore, the high CTV inoculum pressure present in the experimental nursery plot may explain the failure to reduce the CTV spread under the assayed conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Epidemiology of Citrus tristeza virus in nursery blocks of Citrus macrophylla and evaluation of control measures

Vidal

Moreno

Bertolini

et al. 2012

Span. j. agric. res.

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The control of Citrus tristeza virus (CTV), the causal agent of tristeza disease, is essential to guarantee a productive citrus industry. The specific features of a nursery block make the control of the natural spread of viruses transmitted by vectors more difficult. Thus, the knowledge of the epidemiology of CTV in nursery blocks is basic to the design control strategies of the disease. Two experimental nursery plots of alemow (Citrus macrophylla) were planted in open field in Moncada (Valencia, Spain) (with a high CTV prevalence, 85%), and in Alcanar (Tarragona, Spain) with 700 and 843 nursery plants, respectively. The plants were analysed by tissue print-ELISA using 3DF1 and 3CA5 CTVspecific monoclonal antibodies. The CTV prevalence estimated after one year of cultivation in both plots was of 24.37% and 3.91%, respectively. At the same time, a commercial nursery plot grown under plastic-net covers established in Alcanar with 1,200 plants was also analysed as above, being the CTV prevalence estimated of 0.00%. The aphid activity present in the nursery plots was monitored. Aphis spiraecola was the most abundant aphid species visiting the plants in the nursery plots grown in the open field, whereas the aphid activity registered in the plants grown under the plasticnet covers was practically zero. The percentage of individual aphids carrying CTV PCR-amplifiable targets detected by squash real-time RT-PCR in the open-field nursery plots was 17.5% in Moncada and 1.67% in Alcanar. No significant differences in the CTV prevalence between treated and non-treated plants with horticultural mineral oils were found in the area with the high CTV-inoculum pressure.Additional key words: alemow; horticultural mineral oil treatments; physical barriers; semi-persistent virus; squash real-time RT-PCR; tissue print-ELISA; vector intensity. Resumen Epidemiología del virus de la tristeza de los cítricos en bloques de vivero de Citrus macrophylla y evaluación de medidas de controlEl control del virus de la tristeza de los cítricos (Citrus tristeza virus, CTV), agente causal de la enfermedad de la tristeza, es esencial para garantizar una industria citrícola productiva. Las características específicas de los viveros hacen más difícil el control de los virus de vegetales transmitidos por insectos vectores. Así, el conocimiento de la epidemiología de CTV en bloques de plantas de vivero es básico para diseñar estrategias de control de la enfermedad. Dos parcelas experimentales de vivero cultivadas en campo abierto de Citrus macrophylla se establecieron en Moncada (Valencia, España) (con una alta prevalencia de CTV, 85%) y Alcanar (Tarragona, España) con 700 y 843 plantas de vivero, respectivamente. Las plantas se analizaron mediante Inmunoimpresión-ELISA usando los anticuerpos monoclonales específicos 3DF1 y 3CA5 de CTV. La prevalencia de CTV estimada en ambas parcelas después de un año de cultivo fue del 24,37% y del 3,91%, respectivamente. Al mismo tiempo, una parcela de vivero comercial cultivada bajo cubierta de plástico con...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Epidemiology of Citrus tristeza virus in nursery blocks of Citrus macrophylla and evaluation of control measures

Vidal

Moreno

Bertolini

et al. 2012

Span. j. agric. res.

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“…Here, significant reductions in the levels of detectable virus infections were achieved in less heavily infected areas (Annual Report of the PPV International Expert Panel 2009). Horticultural oils have been used in various parts of the world to limit the spread of non-persistent, aphid-borne viruses (Vanderveken 1977;Simons & Zitter 1980;Lowery et al 1990;Umesh et al 1995;Asjes & BlomBarnhoorn 2002;Furness & Combellack 2002;Boiteau et al 2009). It is believed that oils prevent the attachment or release of virus particles from the aphid stylet (Vanderveken 1977).…”

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confidence: 99%

Influence of horticultural oil (Superior-70) onPlum pox virus(PPV) detection in treated and untreated PPV-infected peach (Prunus persicaeL.) leaves

Stobbs

Lowery²,

Samara

et al. 2014

Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology

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The effect of foliar application of horticultural oil on the detection of Plum pox virus (PPV) in infected peach leaves was examined. No significant differences in virus detection using ELISA or DRT-qPCR were found between matching detached half leaves treated either with oil or water immediately after oil application, and up to 3 weeks post application. Similarly, in vitro amendments of oil to dilutions of PPVinfected leaf macerates did not affect DRT-qPCR detection of virus, and only reduced detection of virus by ELISA at the lowest virus dilutions containing 5 µl mL −1 of oil. Application of horticultural oil by growers to reduce aphid transmission of PPV should have no impact on virus detection in regulatory surveys associated with monitoring the quarantine zone.Résumé: Les effets de l'application foliaire d'huile horticole sur la détection du virus de la sharka sur des feuilles de pêcher infectées ont été étudiés. Aucune différence significative quant à la détection du virus par ELISA ou DRT-PCRq n'a été notée entre des demi-feuilles détachées assorties traitées soit avec de l'huile ou de l'eau immédiatement après l'application d'huile, et ce, jusqu'à trois semaines après application. De la même façon, l'ajout d'amendements à base d'huile, in vitro, à des dilutions de macérations de feuilles infectées par la sharka n'a pas influencé la détection du virus par DRT-PCRq et a seulement réduit la détection du virus par ELISA dans les plus faibles dilutions contenant 5 μl ml −1 d'huile. L'application d'huile horticole par les producteurs qui cherchent à réduire la transmission du virus de la sharka par les pucerons ne devrait pas avoir d'influence sur la détection du virus au cours d'enquêtes règlementaires associées à la surveillance des zones de quarantaine.

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“…() also reported, for nonpersistent viruses, that oil interferes in both the acquisition and inoculation processes. Mineral oil treatments have been able to reduce the incidence of nonpersistent viruses in different horticultural crops (Simons & Zitter, ; Lowery et al ., ; Webb & Linda, ; Umesh et al ., ; Asjes & Blom‐Barnhoorn, ). Vidal et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Horticultural mineral oil treatments in nurseries during aphid flights reduce Plum pox virus incidence under different ecological conditions

Vidal

Zagrai²,

Milusheva

et al. 2013

Annals of Applied Biology

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The application of horticultural mineral oil (HMO) treatments has been reported as a possible control strategy to reduce Plum pox virus (PPV) incidence in Prunus nurseries. The effect of Sunspray Ultrafine HMO at 1% on the natural viral spread was evaluated in experimental nursery plots of Nemaguard and Mariana GF8-1 Prunus rootstock blocks established under high natural inoculum pressure of the most prevalent PPV-types. Tests were conducted in experimental nursery plots in Plovdiv, Bulgaria (PPV-M and PPV-Rec), in Bistrita, Romania (PPV-D and PPV-Rec) and in Llíria, Spain (PPV-D). Horticultural mineral oil treatments were applied weekly during the vegetative period from spring to fall (treatments were interrupted in the summer). Nursery plants were analysed yearly by double-antibody sandwich enzymelinked immunosorbent assay with 5B-IVIA/AMR monoclonal antibodies. The population dynamics of the aphids visiting plants in each experimental nursery plot was monitored by the sticky-shoot method and also by Moericke yellow water traps. At all three locations, the aphid population first peaked in the springtime. Furthermore, a variable second peak of aphid population was observed in Plovdiv and Bistrita in autumn. The treatments reduced PPV incidence in the three experimental locations and plots and in both assayed Prunus rootstocks grown under high PPV-inoculum pressure. A reduction from 10% to 20% of PPV-incidence between treated and control plants (P < 0.05) in Plovdiv and Bistrita, respectively, was observed at the end of the tests. However, HMO treatments did not prevent PPV infection altogether, probably because of the high PPV prevalence in the area near the experimental nursery blocks. The control of PPV in nursery blocks based on HMO is presented as an environmentally friendly strategy based on the physical action of the treatments.

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Stylet oil provides limited control of aphid-transmitted viruses in melons

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Epidemiology of Citrus tristeza virus in nursery blocks of Citrus macrophylla and evaluation of control measures

Epidemiology of Citrus tristeza virus in nursery blocks of Citrus macrophylla and evaluation of control measures

Influence of horticultural oil (Superior-70) onPlum pox virus(PPV) detection in treated and untreated PPV-infected peach (Prunus persicaeL.) leaves

Horticultural mineral oil treatments in nurseries during aphid flights reduce Plum pox virus incidence under different ecological conditions

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