Stuttering: A multidimensional treatment and evaluation package

Ladouceur, Robert; Saint-Laurent, Lise

doi:10.1016/0094-730x(86)90025-2

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…As they did with habit reversal, Azrin and Nunn (1974) demonstrated the effectiveness of the regulated breathing approach for stuttering in an investigation with a number of methodological limitations. However, the procedure has been subsequently evaluated by researchers and shown to be effective for the treatment of stuttering in children and adults (Azrin, Nunn, & Frantz, 1979;Cote & Ladouceur, 1982;Ladouceur, Boudreau, & Theberge, 1981;Ladouceur & Martineau, 1982;Ladouceur & Saint-Laurent, 1986;Saint-Laurent & Ladouceur, 1987;Waterloo & Gotestam, 1988).…”

Section: Review Of Habit Reversal and Variationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying Behavior Analysis to Clinical Problems: Review and Analysis of Habit Reversal

Miltenberger

Fuqua

Woods

1998

J of App Behav Analysis

146

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This article provides a review and analysis of habit reversal, a multicomponent procedure developed by Nunn (1973, 1974) for the treatment of nervous habits, tics, and stuttering. The article starts with a discussion of the behaviors treated with habit reversal, behavioral covariation among habits, and functional analysis and assessment of habits. Research on habit reversal and simplified versions of the procedure is then described. Next the article discusses the limitations of habit reversal and the evidence for its generality. The article concludes with an analysis of the behavioral processes involved in habit reversal and suggestions for future research.DESCRIPTORS: habit reversal, habit disorders, tics, nervous habits, covariation, functional analysis, awareness training, competing response training, social supportThe early 1970s saw the development and evaluation of a number of new behavioral technologies. Azrin and colleagues were responsible for many applications of these behavioral procedures to treat clinical problems such as nervous habits (Azrin & Nunn, 1973), tics (Azrin, Nunn, & Frantz, 1980b), stuttering (Azrin & Nunn, 1974), alcohol abuse (Hunt & Azrin, 1973), enuresis (Azrin & Foxx, 1971), and aggressive and disruptive behaviors (Foxx & Azrin, 1972). Habit reversal, a procedure used to treat nervous habits, tics, and stuttering, was one of the successful treatments developed and evaluated in this era. Like many behavioral interventions at that time, habit reversal was a treatment package consisting of numerous individual treatment components implemented together to achieve maximum reductions in the targeted problem (Azrin & Address all correspondence to Raymond G. Miltenberger, Department of Psychology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105 (E-mail: miltenbe@badlands.nodak.edu). Nunn, 1973Nunn, , 1977. Because the goal of the early research on habit reversal was to produce immediate and lasting decreases in the occurrence of habit behaviors, analysis of the individual treatment components or elucidation of the behavioral mechanism responsible for the success of the procedure was not a focus of investigation at the time.More recently, researchers have investigated aspects of this robust treatment package, including simplified versions and variations

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Section: Review Of Habit Reversal and Variationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying Behavior Analysis to Clinical Problems: Review and Analysis of Habit Reversal

Miltenberger

Fuqua

Woods

1998

J of App Behav Analysis

146

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“…There was no evidence in these studies that clinically significant benefits were sustained when subjects were followed-up 1 or 2 months after treatment ceased. One exception to this trend is Ladouceur and Saint-Laurent's (1986) study which reported that six of eight adult stutterers treated in a version of this program maintained treatment gains at a 6-month follow-up. In this case, however, their gains were related to levels of disfluency found in normal speakers; but this type of comparison ignores the distinction between stuttering and normal disfluences.…”

Section: A Review Of Recent Therapy Reportsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is, of course, almost impossible to know whether these studies faithfully replicated Azrin and Nunn's procedures. Nevertheless, this program of research has used reasonably objective obtrusive and unobtrusive assessments to measure the treatment's effects on adults (Ladouceur, Cote, Leblond, & Bouchard, 1982;Ladouceur & Saint-Laurent, 1986) and children (Ladouceur & Martineau, 1982). Various additives (for example, awareness training and parent training) have been used in the course of this research program in order to improve outcome-all without success.…”

Section: A Review Of Recent Therapy Reportsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stuttering

Ingham¹

1990

International Handbook of Behavior Modification and Therapy

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Over the past 5 years, there has been quite a dramatic decline in the number of data-based investigations or reports on or concerning stuttering therapy for adults or adolescents. After reviewing all English language journal publications that fit this category, this writer found that in 1973-1977 there were 57 reports, in 1978-1982 there were 50 reports, but in 1983-1987 (and including half of 1988) there were only 25 reports. A. S. Bellack et al. (eds.), International Handbook of Behavior Modification and Therapy

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“…La psicología, psiquiatría y psicofarmacología se han empleado a fondo para anular, modificar o extirpar los atributos que desacreditan socialmente a los sujetos como paruresis, tartamudez u homosexualidad, con resultados poco o nada alentadores; por ejemplo, el trabajo de Vythilingum et al 2 revela que la eficacia de las terapias combinadas de la paruresis es poco significativa como ya hemos expuesto, eficacia que puede estar provocada por el efecto placebo o la remisión espontánea, fenómenos que contaminan los experimentos clínicos salvo que los resultados se contrasten con un grupo de control, que no es el caso; igualmente, la clínica de la tartamudez indica que esta afección es muy refractaria a los tratamientos 38,39 ; los clínicos han abandonado la terapia de la homosexualidad porque según el DSM-IV-TR ya no es una enfermedad; etc.…”

Section: La Vida Cotidiana Del Parurético: El Encubrimientounclassified

¿Qué es la Paruresis o Síndrome de la Vejiga Tímida?: Una investigación transdisciplinar

Zamora¹

2007

Actas Urol Esp

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RESUMEN¿QUÉ ES LA PARURESIS O SÍNDROME DE LA VEJIGA TÍMIDA? UNA INVESTIGACIÓN TRANSDISCIPLINAR Este trabajo revisa los aspectos clásicos de la Paruresis o Síndrome de la Vejiga Tímida, afección que se define como la imposibilidad o dificultad de orinar en lugares públicos; analizamos la definición, grados, diferencias, naturaleza, etiología, terapias tradicionales, mitos del origen, etcétera; pero las aportaciones más novedosas de esta investigación transdisciplinar son dos: primera, la descripción de la vida cotidiana del parurético, cuyo eje principal es el encubrimiento de la paruresis; y segunda: ofrecemos una alternativa a la comunidad parurética que es beneficiosa para otros colectivos estigmatizados, La Salida del armario, proceso que se inicia en los grupos de autoayuda.Palabras clave: Encubrimiento. Estigma. Grupos de autoayuda. Paruresis. Salida del armario. Síndrome de la Vejiga Tímida. ABSTRACTWHAT IS PARURESIS OR SHY BLADDER SYNDROME? A TRANSDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH This paper checks typical aspects of Paruresis or Shy Bladder Syndrome, disease defined as the impossibility or difficulty to urinate in public toilets. We analyze the definition, differences, degrees, nature, etiology, traditional treatments, myths about the origin, and so on; but two are the main contributions of this transdisciplinary research: first, the description of the paruretic´s daily life, which main core is the concealment of paruresis; and second: we offer an alternative to paruretic community, that is beneficial to other stigmatized groups, Coming out of the closet, process that starts in selfhelp groups. REVISIÓN L a bibliografía actual en castellano carece de libros o artículos científicos dedicados exclusivamente a la paruresis o Síndrome de la Vejiga Tímida -en adelante SVT -; por lo que esta investigación tiene la intención de cubrir esta laguna y exponer los aspectos básicos de esta afección; está dirigida a clínicos y afectados que posiblemente acusen esta carencia bibliográfi-ca, habida cuenta de que el porcentaje de paruréticos no es nada despreciable: las encuestas indican que el 7% de la población americana presenta paruresis.La complejidad del SVT trasciende la mirada disciplinar y exige un tratamiento transdisciplinar que creemos satisfacer en esta investigación, empleando conceptos de ciencias vecinas como la antropología, sociología y la psicología social, conceptos como salida del armario, estigma, encubrimiento u ocultación, grupos de autoayuda, etcéte-ra; consideramos que la transdisciplinariedad enriquece la perspectiva científica, imprescindible en la investigación un fenómeno como el SVT en el que las propuestas existentes son insuficientes para la comprensión y terapia clínica.Esta investigación no ha sido becada o financiada por entidad alguna. Dedicado a los cuatro pires.

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Stuttering: A multidimensional treatment and evaluation package

Cited by 21 publications

References 22 publications

Applying Behavior Analysis to Clinical Problems: Review and Analysis of Habit Reversal

Applying Behavior Analysis to Clinical Problems: Review and Analysis of Habit Reversal

Stuttering

¿Qué es la Paruresis o Síndrome de la Vejiga Tímida?: Una investigación transdisciplinar

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