Studying the influence of the interpass temperature on the heat-affected zone of an API 5L X65 steel welded pipe joint through computational and physical simulations

Dornelas, Paulo Henrique Grossi; Filho, João da Cruz Payão; Oliveira, Victor Hugo Pereira Moraes e; Moraes, Diogo de Oliveira; Júnior, Petrônio Zumpano

doi:10.1016/j.ijpvp.2021.104548

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Several studies have investigated the influence of the M-A-C morphology on the toughness. Despite the controversy over whether the slender [34,44] or massive [45,46] morphology is more detrimental to toughness, all studies agree that both morphologies can cause the HAZ of the API 5L X70 pipe to become brittle [32,40,47,48]. Because of the high CVN energies obtained, it was not possible to assess the influence of M-A-C formation.…”

Section: Mechanical Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the interpass temperature on simulated heat-affected zone of gas metal arc welded API 5L X70 pipe joint

Dornelas

Filho

Oliveira

et al. 2021

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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Welding costs associated with the laying of pipes for deepwater oil and gas extraction can be reduced using high interpass temperatures (ITs). However, a high IT can decrease the mechanical properties of the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of welded joints. With the use of high strength-toughness steels, this decrease may be an acceptable trade-off. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the influence of high ITs on the HAZ. The influence of the IT on the coarse-grain HAZ (CGHAZ) and intercritically reheated coarse-grain HAZ (ICCGHAZ) of an API 5L X70 pipe joint welded by gas metal arc welding was investigated. The welding was numerically simulated using finite element method software. The microstructure of the HAZ was predicted using thermodynamic simulation software. The CGHAZ and ICCGHAZ were also physically simulated and evaluated via optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, dilatometry, and Vickers microhardness and Charpy V-notch (CVN) impact tests. The increase in IT led to a decrease in CGHAZ microhardness but did not affect the ICCGHAZ. The CVN energies obtained for all ITs (CGHAZ and ICCGHAZ) were higher than that set by the DNVGL-ST-F101 standard (50 J). These results show that increasing the IT is an interesting and effective method to reduce welding costs. In addition, thermodynamic simulation proved to be a valid method for predicting the phases in the HAZ of API 5L X70 pipe welded joints.

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Section: Mechanical Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the interpass temperature on simulated heat-affected zone of gas metal arc welded API 5L X70 pipe joint

Dornelas

Filho

Oliveira

et al. 2021

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

Self Cite

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“…The execution, validation and verification workflow of the numerical welding simulation was standardized in [7]. The application of the models and the methods used were described in a significant number of scientific papers, including [8], [9] and [10].…”

Section: A Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Characteristics of Materials in Modelling of Welding Processes

Anguelov

2023

ETR

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The application of welding processes during manufacturing of metallic products result in changes of the properties of the base materials. Process simulation enables evaluation of the effect of heat application in proximity to the weld seam. The availability and use of input data, relevant for the specific material, is essential for the reliability of the results. The thermal characteristics of the materials, required for the heat modelling were identified. Their dependency on the material temperature was investigated and the formulas were presented. Particular values were found in existingdata sources, for specific structural steels, stainless steels, nickel and titanium alloys. The values of the thermal characteristics were represented and in graphical and tabulated formats, facilitating direct implementation in calculations, assessment of variation trends and applicability for specific purposes.

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“…From a metallurgical point of view, welding can be identi ed as a thermal cycle that consists of continuous heating to a speci c peak temperature (T p ) and cooling down to room temperature. The weld thermal cycle changes the base metal (BM), thereby resulting in an inhomogeneous microstructure in the heataffected zone (HAZ) [16][17]. According to previous studies, the HAZ is typically the most susceptible to potential corrosion failures, and these failures are closely correlated with the HAZ microstructure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although high corrosion severity may occur in the HAZ as a whole, this zone is not metallurgically uniform [22]. The HAZ comprises several sub-regions due to the temperature gradient formed on steel during welding, providing various T p [17]. Since HAZ sub-regions are too narrow to get available test coupons, it is challenging to analyze the MIC effect on a speci c HAZ sub-region using a real weldment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion of Weld Heat-Affected Zones Submersed in Seawater with Indigenous Microorganisms

et al. 2023

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The corrosion behaviors of different weld heat-affected zones (HAZs) were investigated, comprising an API 5L X65 steel immersed in seawater with an abundant native microbial community. Before tests, HAZ physical simulations were performed at the peak temperatures of 700°C, 860°C, 1000°C, and 1350°C. Throughout 14 days of immersion, various planktonic bacterial groups associated with microbiologically in uenced corrosion were metabolically active in the seawater. Desulfovibrio members were present in a considerable number of OTUs. Scanning electron microscopy showed an intense microbial adhesion and corrosion product deposits in all HAZ sub-regions and the control base metal coupon (BM). The electrochemical tests revealed that the corrosion behavior of all HAZ sub-regions and BM were indistinguishable. However, topography analysis showed different behaviors of pitting corrosion. The results revealed that the pitting resistance of the microstructure composed of cementite grains (700°C HAZ) was superior to that of other HAZ sub-regions. On the other hand, the microstructure composed of martensite and austenite grains (860°C HAZ) exhibited the worst pitting resistance of the weld joint, leading to a maximum pit penetration of 2.3 times greater than that pit on the BM. The changes in the HAZ sub-region sensitivity to pitting corrosion were attributed to variations in the microstructural composition.

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Studying the influence of the interpass temperature on the heat-affected zone of an API 5L X65 steel welded pipe joint through computational and physical simulations

Cited by 7 publications

References 34 publications

Effect of the interpass temperature on simulated heat-affected zone of gas metal arc welded API 5L X70 pipe joint

Effect of the interpass temperature on simulated heat-affected zone of gas metal arc welded API 5L X70 pipe joint

Thermal Characteristics of Materials in Modelling of Welding Processes

Corrosion of Weld Heat-Affected Zones Submersed in Seawater with Indigenous Microorganisms

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