Studying ignition schemes on European laser facilities

Jacquemot, S.; Amiranoff, F.; Baton, S. D.; Chanteloup, Jean-Christophe; Labaune, C.; Kœnig, M.; Michel, D. T.; Pérez, F.; Schlenvoigt, Hans-Peter; Canaud, B.; Clérouin, C. Cherfils; Debras, G.; Depierreux, S.; Ebrardt, J; Juraszek, D.; Lafitte, S.; Loiseau, P.; Miquel, J.L.; Philippe, F.; Rousseaux, C.; Blanchot, N.; Edwards, Chris; Norreys, P.; Atzeni, S.; Schiavi, A.; Breil, J.; Feugeas, J.‐L.; Hallo, L.; Lafon, M.; Ribeyre, X.; Santos, J. J.; Schurtz, G.; Tikhonchuk, V. T.; Debayle, A.; Honrubia, J. J.; Temporal, M.; Batani, D.; Davies, J. R.; Fiúza, Frederico; Fonseca, Ricardo; Silva, L.O.; Gizzi, L. A.; Koester, P.; Labate, L.; Badziak, J.; Klimo, O.

doi:10.1088/0029-5515/51/9/094025

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This difference in the energy deposition conditions relates to different mechanisms of the fast electrons generation. The results of numerical calculations (being a part of this work) have shown that in the case of non-extended plasma the fast electrons are generated due to the target normal sheet acceleration mechanism of the charge separation close to the area of critical plasma surface, while in the case of the SI extended plasmas the fast electrons are generated due to stimulated parametric processes in lower density plasma (Theobald et al, 2008;2012;Klimo et al, 2011;LLE Review 2012;Jacquemot et al, 2011;Batani et al, 2011). Nevertheless as shown below, the average energy of fast electrons in the PALS experiment is close to that measured in the OMEGA laser experiments (Theobald et al, 2008;2012) and also to the values anticipated for the SI conditions (Klimo et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Most of the SI experiments are carried out using planar targets (Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 2012;Jacquemot et al, 2011;Batani et al, 2011). The main objectives of these investigations are the non-collisional mechanisms of absorption and scattering of the laser radiation in the extended plasma, fast electron generation, and shock wave excitation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Laser-driven ablation through fast electrons in PALS-experiment at the laser radiation intensity of 1–50 PW/cm²

et al. 2014

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The paper is directed to the study of high-temperature plasma and ablation plasma formation as well as efficiency of the laser energy transfer to solid targets irradiated by laser pulses with intensities of 1–50 PW/cm2 and duration of 200–300 ps, i.e., at conditions corresponding to the characteristics of the laser spike designed to generate the igniting shock wave in the shock ignition concept. The experiments have been performed at Prague Asterix Laser System. The iodine laser delivered 250 ps (full width at half maximum) pulses with the energy in the range of 100–600 J at the first (λ1 = 1.315 µm) and third (λ3 = 0.438 µm) harmonic frequencies. The focal spot radius of the laser beam on the surface of Al or Cu targets made was gradually decreased from 160 to 40 µm. The diagnostic data collected using three-frame interferometry, X-ray spectroscopy, and crater replica technique were interpreted by two-dimensional numerical and analytical modeling which included generation and transport of fast electrons. The coupling parameter Iλ2 was varied in the range of 1 × 1014−8 × 1016 Wμm2/cm2 covering the regimes of weak to intense fast electron generation. The dominant contribution of fast electron energy transfer into the ablation process and shock wave generation was found when using the first harmonic laser radiation, the focal spot radius of 40–100 µm, and the laser energy of 300–600 J.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser-driven ablation through fast electrons in PALS-experiment at the laser radiation intensity of 1–50 PW/cm²

et al. 2014

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“…Consequently, this corresponds to a total energy (power) of 30 kJ (10 TW) per quad, and each pair of rings will provide a maximum energy (power) of 600 kJ (200 TW). This makes the LMJ a large laser facility, able to drive a total energy of about 1.3 MJ with a maximum power of 440 TW delivered by laser beams with a wavelength of ( ) [45] . The facility design energy is appropriate for indirect drive central ignition, but both direct drive and shock ignition schemes are expected to lower the energy threshold for ignition.…”

Section: The Laser Megajoule Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Irradiation uniformity at the Laser MegaJoule facility in the context of the shock ignition scheme

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Garbett

et al. 2014

High Pow Laser Sci Eng

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The use of the Laser MegaJoule facility within the shock ignition scheme has been considered. In the first part of the study, one-dimensional hydrodynamic calculations were performed for an inertial confinement fusion capsule in the context of the shock ignition scheme providing the energy gain and an estimation of the increase of the peak power due to the reduction of the photon penetration expected during the high-intensity spike pulse. In the second part, we considered a Laser MegaJoule configuration consisting of 176 laser beams that have been grouped providing two different irradiation schemes. In this configuration the maximum available energy and power are 1.3 MJ and 440 TW. Optimization of the laser-capsule parameters that minimize the irradiation non-uniformity during the first few ns of the foot pulse has been performed. The calculations take into account the specific elliptical laser intensity profile provided at the Laser MegaJoule and the expected beam uncertainties. A significant improvement of the illumination uniformity provided by the polar direct drive technique has been demonstrated. Three-dimensional hydrodynamic calculations have been performed in order to analyse the magnitude of the azimuthal component of the irradiation that is neglected in twodimensional hydrodynamic simulations.

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“…[36][37][38]); • studies of shock wave generation and non-linear interaction of laser with plasma at the conditions relevant to shock ignition (e.g. [39,40]). …”

Section: The Hiper Project and Current Fusion-related Research Of Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Laser nuclear fusion: current status, challenges and prospect

Badziak¹

2012

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences: Technical Sciences

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Abstract. In 2009, in Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA, National Ignition Facility (NIF) -the largest thermonuclear fusion device ever made was launched. Its main part is a multi-beam laser whose energy in nanosecond pulse exceeds 1MJ (10 6 J). Its task is to compress DT fuel to the density over a few thousand times higher than that of solid-state DT and heat it to 100 millions of K degrees. In this case, the process of fuel compression and heating is realized in an indirect way -laser radiation (in UV range) is converted in the so-called hohlraum (1 cm cylinder with a spherical DT pellet inside) into very intense soft X radiation symmetrically illuminating DT pellet. For the first time ever, the fusion device's energetic parameters are sufficient for the achieving the ignition and self-sustained burn of thermonuclear fuel on a scale allowing for the generation of energy far bigger than that delivered to the fuel.The main purpose of the current experimental campaign on NIF is bringing about, within the next two-three years, a controlled thermonuclear 'big bang' in which the fusion energy will exceed the energy delivered by the laser at least ten times. The expected 'big bang' would be the culmination of fifty years of international efforts aiming at demonstrating both physical and technical feasibility of generating, in a controlled way, the energy from nuclear fusion in inertial confined plasma and would pave the way for practical realization of the laser-driven thermonuclear reactor.This paper briefly reviews the basic current concepts of laser fusion and main problems and challenges facing the research community dealing with this field. In particular, the conventional, central hot spot ignition approach to laser fusion is discussed together with the more recent ones -fast ignition, shock ignition and impact ignition fusion. The research projects directed towards building an experimental laser-driven thermonuclear reactor are presented as well.

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Studying ignition schemes on European laser facilities

Cited by 8 publications

References 33 publications

Laser-driven ablation through fast electrons in PALS-experiment at the laser radiation intensity of 1–50 PW/cm²

Laser-driven ablation through fast electrons in PALS-experiment at the laser radiation intensity of 1–50 PW/cm²

Irradiation uniformity at the Laser MegaJoule facility in the context of the shock ignition scheme

Laser nuclear fusion: current status, challenges and prospect

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Studying ignition schemes on European laser facilities

Cited by 8 publications

References 33 publications

Laser-driven ablation through fast electrons in PALS-experiment at the laser radiation intensity of 1–50 PW/cm2

Laser-driven ablation through fast electrons in PALS-experiment at the laser radiation intensity of 1–50 PW/cm2

Irradiation uniformity at the Laser MegaJoule facility in the context of the shock ignition scheme

Laser nuclear fusion: current status, challenges and prospect

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Laser-driven ablation through fast electrons in PALS-experiment at the laser radiation intensity of 1–50 PW/cm²

Laser-driven ablation through fast electrons in PALS-experiment at the laser radiation intensity of 1–50 PW/cm²