Studying friction while playing the violin: exploring the stick–slip phenomenon

Casado, Santos

doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.16

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…The resulting sound might well be characterized as raspy or gravelly. Bowed strings produce sound according to the so-called “stick-slip principle,” where the bow momentarily grabs and displaces the string until the restoring pressure releases the string (Casado, 2017). In regular bowing, this stick-slip cycle occurs hundreds of times per second.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using auditory imagery tasks to map the cognitive linguistic dimensions of musical instrument timbre qualia.

Reymore¹,

Huron²

2020

Psychomusicology: Music, Mind, and Brain

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Two studies are reported related to musical instrument timbre qualia. In the first study, open-ended interviews were conducted with 23 musicians who were asked to describe their phenomenal experiences of imagined sounds for 20 Western instruments. A content analysis of the transcribed interviews suggests 77 qualitative categories underlying the musicians’ descriptions. In a second study, 460 musician participants rated subsets of the same 20 imagined instrument sounds according to the 77 categories derived from Study 1. Principal component analyses were applied to the results of Study 2, yielding several models. Researcher interpretations of the components in these models were combined with the results of supplementary polls where musicians rated the descriptive utility of each candidate component, producing a final 20-dimensional timbre qualia model. The model dimensions include rumbling/low, soft/singing, watery/fluid, direct/loud, nasal/reedy, shrill/noisy, percussive, pure/clear, brassy/metallic, raspy/grainy, ringing/long decay, sparkling/brilliant, airy/breathy, resonant/vibrant, hollow, woody, muted/veiled, sustained/even, open, and focused/compact.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using auditory imagery tasks to map the cognitive linguistic dimensions of musical instrument timbre qualia.

Reymore¹,

Huron²

2020

Psychomusicology: Music, Mind, and Brain

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“…Frictional rupture is a fundamental process of prime importance for a broad range of physical systems, e.g. it is responsible for squealing in car brake pads [3], for bowing on a violin string [4], and for earthquakes along geological faults [5][6][7], to name just a few well-known examples. The essence of frictional rupture propagation is that a state of relatively high slip rate (the rate of interfacial shear displacement discontinuity) behind the rupture edge propagates into a low/vanishing slip rate state ahead of it, cf.…”

Section: Background and Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence of Cracklike Behavior of Frictional Rupture: The Origin of Stress Drops

et al. 2019

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The failure of frictional interfaces -the process of frictional rupture -is widely assumed to feature crack-like properties, with far-reaching implications for various disciplines, ranging from engineering tribology to earthquake physics. Yet, how the effective crack-like behavior emerges from basic physics and what its range of validity is are not understood. Here we show that for rapid rupture a finite and well-defined stress drop, which is a necessary condition for the existence of a crack-like behavior, is directly related to wave radiation from the frictional interface to the bulks surrounding it (the so-called radiation damping effect) and to long-range bulk elastodynamics, and not exclusively to interfacial physics. Furthermore, we show that the emergence of a stress drop is a finite time effect, mainly limited by the wave travel time in finite systems. The results for rapid rupture are supplemented by predictions for slow rupture. All of the theoretical predictions are supported by available experimental data and by extensive computations. They offer a comprehensive and basic understanding of why, how and to what extent frictional rupture might be viewed as an ordinary fracture process. I. BACKGROUND AND MOTIVATIONRapid slip along interfaces separating bodies in frictional contact is mediated by the spatiotemporal dynamics of frictional rupture [1,2]. Frictional rupture is a fundamental process of prime importance for a broad range of physical systems, e.g. it is responsible for squealing in car brake pads [3], for bowing on a violin string [4], and for earthquakes along geological faults [5][6][7], to name just a few well-known examples. The essence of frictional rupture propagation is that a state of relatively high slip rate (the rate of interfacial shear displacement discontinuity) behind the rupture edge propagates into a low/vanishing slip rate state ahead of it, cf. Fig. 1. As such, frictional rupture appears to be essentially similar to ordinary tensile (opening) cracks, where a finite tensile displacement discontinuity (broken material) state behind the crack edge propagates into a zero tensile displacement discontinuity (intact material) state ahead of it [8].There is, however, an important fundamental difference between frictional rupture and ordinary tensile cracks that manifests itself in the stress states associated with these two processes. A tensile crack is composed of surfaces that cannot support stress, so the stress behind its edge vanishes. Consequently, tensile crack propagation is a process in which far-field driving stresses that characterize the material state far ahead of the crack edge are eliminated altogether behind it. The stress drop that accompanies tensile crack propagation has dramatic implications. Most notably, the loss of stress bearing capac- * eran.bouchbinder@weizmann.ac.il † jean-francois.molinari@epfl.ch ity along the crack surfaces is compensated by large concentration of deformation and stress near the crack edge, oftentimes in a way that mimics a mathematical s...

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“…A nice example at nano/microscale has been given by S. Casado [5], who shows how the modulation of roughness and adhesion of two different violin bow hairs observed at nanoscale by AFM, may cause strong consequences at mascoscopic scale during the stick–slip phenomenon of the rubbing hairs surfaces and in fine such different acoustic outputs. Therefore, control of the nanoscale interactions between two surfaces through chemistry and contact area is crucial for predicting and understanding the involved adhesion forces, which have a direct impact on the assembly of nano-blocks and the development of various nanomaterials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuning adhesion forces between functionalized gold colloidal nanoparticles and silicon AFM tips: role of ligands and capillary forces

Oras

Vlassov

Berholts

et al. 2018

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.

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Adhesion forces between functionalized gold colloidal nanoparticles (Au NPs) and scanning probe microscope silicon tips were experimentally investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) equipped with PeakForce QNM (Quantitative Nanoscale Mechanics) module. Au NPs were synthesized by a seed-mediated process and then functionalized with thiols containing different functional groups: amino, hydroxy, methoxy, carboxy, methyl, and thiol. Adhesion measurements showed strong differences between NPs and silicon tip depending on the nature of the tail functional group. The dependence of the adhesion on ligand density for different thiols with identical functional tail-group was also demonstrated. The calculated contribution of the van der Waals (vdW) forces between particles was in good agreement with experimentally measured adhesive values. In addition, the adhesion forces were evaluated between flat Au films functionalized with the same molecular components and silicon tips to exclude the effect of particle shape on the adhesion values. Although adhesion values on flat substrates were higher than on their nanoparticle counterparts, the dependance on functional groups remained the same.

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Studying friction while playing the violin: exploring the stick–slip phenomenon

Cited by 9 publications

References 16 publications

Using auditory imagery tasks to map the cognitive linguistic dimensions of musical instrument timbre qualia.

Using auditory imagery tasks to map the cognitive linguistic dimensions of musical instrument timbre qualia.

Emergence of Cracklike Behavior of Frictional Rupture: The Origin of Stress Drops

Tuning adhesion forces between functionalized gold colloidal nanoparticles and silicon AFM tips: role of ligands and capillary forces

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