Study on various congenital anomalies in fetal autopsy

Thippeswamy, Pushpa Bhari; Subitha, S.; Kumar, Lokesh

doi:10.17511/ijmrr.2016.i09.26

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 9 publications

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“…Our study also shows similar results with neural tube defects, heart defects and renal anamolies being the predominant [12]. Some studies have also shown that congenital anamolies are common in the low birth weight babies [13].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Pathological findings associated with stillborn babies

et al. 2016

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Introduction: Fetal death rate and Perinatal Mortality rate are important indicators of a country's Health care system. Stillbirth forms a prime contributing factor in deciding these rates. But the causes of Stillbirth and autopsy findings associated with Stillbirth remains a gray zone. The aim of this study is to analyse the pathological autopsy findings associated with spontaneously expelled stillbirth babies and placenta. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted in Department of Pathology, Govt. Kilpauk Medical College, Chennai for a period of 1 and half years. 29 Stillborn cases were received in our department during this period. Fetal autopsy was done in these cases by using a standard protocol. The external, internal examination findings and histopathological findings of both fetus and Placenta were analysed and compared with the Antenatal clinical findings. Results: Stillbirth is more common in the third trimester constituting 72.4% cases and peaks at 27-30 weeks of gestation. Placental pathology is more frequently associated with stillbirth with 44.8% followed by Fetal causes with 34.5% and maternal causes identified in 6.9% cases. In the second trimester stillbirths fetal causes are common and in third trimester placental pathologies were common. Among the fetal causes, congenital anamolies are seen in all cases with CNS and Kidney anamolies being the commonest. Among the Placental causes, placental infarct is seen in most of the cases. In 13.8% cases, no pathology identified even after complete autopsy. Conclusion: A Complete schematic autopsy of fetus and placenta along with a good knowledge and correlation of pathological and clinical findings help in arriving at a diagnosis of cause of fetal demise. A correct diagnosis of the cause of stillbirth can alleviate parents worries and helps the clinician in deciding the counselling, care and management of future pregnancies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Pathological findings associated with stillborn babies

et al. 2016

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The Spectrum of Congenital Central Nervous System Anomalies Among Stillborn: An Autopsy Based Study

Vinutha

Narayanappa

Manjunath

et al. 2020

Annals of Neurosciences

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Background: Congenital central nervous system (CNS) anomalies are the structural or functional abnormalities of the brain and spinal cord that occur during the intrauterine developmental process. Purpose: The present study aims to detect the prevalence of congenital CNS anomalies among stillborn fetuses, the association between congenital anomalies and maternal factors, and also the association between autopsy and ultrasound findings. Methods: This study was conducted on 50 stillborn fetuses, obtained from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at JSS Medical College and Hospital, Mysuru. The fetuses were fixed in 10% formalin and autopsies were performed as per the standard fetal autopsy protocol. The congenital CNS anomalies were studied in detail. Results: CNS anomalies were the most common congenital anomalies observed. Out of the total 50 stillborn fetuses studied, CNS anomalies were found in 17 fetuses and their occurrence was more common among male stillborn than females. Meningomyelocele was the most common anomaly, followed by anencephaly. The other anomalies documented were meningocele, encephalocele, meningoencephalocele, agenesis of the corpus callosum, craniorachischisis, bifid cerebellum with hypoplastic vermis, holoprosencephaly, and sirenomelia. Fisher’s exact test showed a significant association between maternal hypothyroidism and congenital CNS anomalies ( P < .05). The autopsy confirmed the ultrasound findings in 40 (80%) fetuses. There were significant additional findings observed in seven (14%) fetal autopsies and ultrasound diagnosis completely changed in three (6%) cases, after the final autopsy procedure. Conclusion: The fetal autopsy is the single most directly evident investigation, which gives information that changes or significantly improves the clinical diagnosis. A multidisciplinary holistic approach toward pregnancy will help to detect any kind of abnormality in the fetus and thus to take a timely decision toward the management.

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Study on various congenital anomalies in fetal autopsy

Cited by 2 publications

References 9 publications

Pathological findings associated with stillborn babies

Pathological findings associated with stillborn babies

The Spectrum of Congenital Central Nervous System Anomalies Among Stillborn: An Autopsy Based Study

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