Study on the Spatial Pattern of Migration Population in Egypt and Its Flow Field Characteristics from the Perspective of “Source-Flow-Sink”

Abstract

Based on the provinces as the spatial nodes of population migration, a “Source-Flow-Sink” analysis framework of population migration flow in Egypt was established by “Source-Sink” Theory and Flow Field Theory to study the migration population in Egypt. It reveals the spatial pattern of the migration population in Egypt and its flow field characteristics and provides theoretical basis for the formulation of population development policies and regional spatial governance planning. The results show that: (1) there are significant spatial differences in the size and rate of migration in Egypt. In 2017, the migration population in Egypt exceeded 2.2 million in total, with a migration rate of 2.33%, and the extreme multiple reached 80 and 12. (2) According to the spatial pattern of geographical distribution, the Source System is divided into five types: axis type, layer type, fan type, oblique symmetry type, and scattered jump type. There are only three types in Sink System, namely wide area coverage type, local development type, and scattered jump type. Source Places lie in the middle, Sink Places are symmetrical from east to west, and Exchange Places are concentrated along the Mediterranean coast in the north of Cairo on the whole, with the initial formation of a “core-periphery” spatial pattern. (3) The interprovincial population migration flow in Egypt is dominated by neighborhood penetration and polarization of high-rank nodes (capitals or regional economic centers), giving rise to 7 modes of central system spatial structures and 3 modes of pole-core interaction. The central system of flow fields with clear priorities and the streamline channel network with layered trunks and branches basically take shape, overall characterized by stepped runoff from east to west, and local convection from south to north.

Study on Fractal Characteristics of Migration-Population Flow—Evidence from Egypt

“…The term fractal is used to describe an object displaying self-similarity at different scales. This self-similarity can be measured by either the power-law exponent or Zipf's law, which is a popular method for characterizing the fractal nature of geographic features [55][56][57]. Fractal is an important feature of complex systems, which has been observed in many empirical studies [58][59][60].…”

“…Believing migration is a major living strategy of a family, Arouri Mohamed studied the push as well as pull effects of wealth inequality on Egyptian migrants by means of gravity models [54]. Ma ZhiShan and Zhao Sidong reveals the spatial pattern of the migration population in Egypt, based on the provinces as the spatial nodes of population migration, a "source-flow-sink" analysis framework was established by "source-sink" theory and flow field theory [55].…”

“…In the data of Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics, classified statistics were conducted for the relocation reasons of 1% of the migrants, including work, study, marriage, divorce and widowhood, companion, and others. Marriage is the top reason for migration, accounting for 32.66%; work and companion are about equal, accounting for about 26%; the proportion of study is close to that of others, accounting for more than 6.6%; while divorce and widowhood account for the lowest percentage, only 1.13% [55].…”

Study on the Spatial Structure of the Complex Network of Population Migration in the Poyang Lake Urban Agglomeration

“…Through the study, it was determined that the distinctive feature of population migration in urban agglomeration is that intra-provincial migration is more frequent than extra-provincial migration. The flow distance of migrating populations can reflect the characteristics of population urbanization, and there is a great difference in the impact of near-, medium-and long-distance migration on urbanization [31][32][33][34]. The QAP regression analysis shows that geographical proximity significantly affects the strength of urban network association [35].…”

Insight into the influence of pH on the precipitation induced by bacteria

“…With the migration of the population to the city, the demand for living land is becoming more urgent (Baquié et al, 2021; Liu et al, 2021; Ma et al, 2021). Meanwhile, due to the desertification year by year, the land for the actual construction has been reduced rapidly (Amezketa, 2006; Barbero et al, 2015; Su et al, 2004).…”