Study on the Risk Factors of Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) in Patients With Lower Extremity Fracture

Abstract

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p><jats:bold>Background:</jats:bold>The objective of this work is to discuss and analyze the related factors of lower extremity fracture complicated by deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and to help surgeons aptly prevent it.<jats:bold>Methods:</jats:bold>A retrospective analysis was conducted on the orthopedic inpatient records of the Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from July 2014 to November 2018, and 11,891 patients with closed fractures of lower extremities were selected.By analyzing each patient's gender, age, presence or absence of diabetes and hypertension,preoperative plasma D-dimer level, and color Doppler ultrasound of the lower extremity vein, the pertinent factors of the patients with lower extremity fractures complicated by DVT were analyzed.<jats:bold>Results:</jats:bold> A total of 11,891 patients were selected, including 4462 with cases of peri-hip fractures, 754with cases of femoral shaft fractures, 1776 with cases of peri-knee fractures, 1961 with cases of tibiofibular fractures, and 2938 with cases of ankle fractures.Of these patients, 643 with DVT were detected, displaying a total incidence of 5.4%.All patients were categorized into either the DVT group or non-DVT group.The results demonstrate that there were statistically significant differences between the two groups in age, the presence of diabetes and hypertension, the fracture site, and the preoperative plasma D-dimer level (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic>&lt;0.05), but there was no statistically significant difference in sex (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic>&gt;0.05). Logistic multivariate analysis revealed that age, the presence of diabetes, and the preoperative plasma D-dimer level of patients were independent risk factors for lower extremity fracture complicated by DVT.<jats:bold>Conclusion: </jats:bold>Age, the presence of diabetes and hypertension, the fracture site, and the preoperative plasma D-dimer level were found to be correlated with the incidence of DVT. Moreover,age, the presence of diabetes, the preoperative fracture site, and the plasma D-dimer level were found to be independent risk factors.</jats:p>