Study on the relationship between chinese medicine constitutive susceptibility and diversity of syndrome in diabetic nephropathy

Abstract

Certain relationship revealed between CM constitutions and syndrome types; constitution decides the disease genesis, its syndrome type and prognosis, as well as the change of syndromes.

Association of Urinary Biomarkers Noninvasively Forecasts The Extent of Renal Injury In The Early Diabetic Nephropathy Patients With Kidney Qi Deficiency Syndrome: A Retrospective Investigation 

“…Signs and symptoms by kidney de ciency syndrome of TCM diagnostic methods mainly including kidney qi de ciency syndrome, kidney yang de ciency syndrome, kidney yin de ciency syndrome and kidney essence insu ciency syndrome were collected respectively [24,25,26]. The clinical manifestations include aching and weakness of loins and knees, dispiritedness and lassitude, frequent micturition, dripping urination, incontinence of urine, light-colored tongue with whitish fur and thin pulse; dizziness and tinnitus, insomnia and amnesia, ushed cheeks in the afternoon, bone-steaming tidal fever, night sweating, dry mouth and throat, emaciation, yellowish and scanty urine, reddish tongue with scanty fur and thin and rapid pulse; cold limbs and body, loose stool, early morning diarrhea, clear and profuse urine, profuse nocturnal urine, bright whitish complexion, light colored tongue with white fur as well as sinking and deep and weak pulse.…”

A Research about Value Order Measurement System of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome Elements

“…TCM symptom includes symptoms and physical signs, it is the appearance of diseases like fever, thirsty, yellowish urine, yellow tongue coating, rapid pulse and etc.. Disease, TCM syndrome and symptom have different implication, but they are unified in the general concept of disease, they are also caused by pathological nature of disease. A disease may have multiple TCM syndromes, take diabetes as an example, it could have Yin Deficiency and Excessive Heat, deficiency of both qi and yin, deficiency of yin and yang, and etc., this is called a disease with multiple TCM syndromes [5]. In the meanwhile, a TCM syndrome may be an appearance of different diseases, for instance, yin deficiency of liver and kidney can be seen in the diagnosis of anemia, menoxenia, vertigo and so on, it is called a TCM syndromes with multiple diseases.…”

Valid and Convenient Questionnaire Assessment of Chinese Body Constitution: Item Characteristics, Reliability, and Construct Validation

“…It has been shown to have reasonably good psychometric properties 24,25 in various medical settings. [26][27][28][29][30] Versions of 60, 41, and 30 items in Chinese, English, and Japanese 23,31 have been developed and evaluated, 32 with over 2277 papers, 55% of which are journal articles published between 2006 and 2016. 33 Despite its popularity, challenges to its use included 34 (i) difficulty for people with limited education to understand some items, (ii) questionable classification of some items, (iii) many items classified as mixed body constitution, (iv) some items cross-linked to multiple body constitutions, [34][35][36] (v) the originally proposed structure could not be reproduced with empirical data (eg, 8 factors found in research despite the 9 originally proposed in CCMQ), 32,37 and (vi) items not allocated to their intended constitutions (many items in some constitutions, but few items in others).…”