Study on the Relationship Between the Expression of B Cell Mature Antigen and the Classification, Stage, and Prognostic Factors of Multiple Myeloma

Abstract

The expression level of BCMA in bone marrow of 54 MM patients was detected in this study to explore the relationship between the BCMA expression and the classification, stage, and prognostic factors of MM. The BCMA expression level of the stable group and remission group was lower than that of the newly diagnosed group and relapse group (P=0.001). There was no significant difference in BCMA expression of MM patients in different types and stages (P>0.05), but it was found that for the newly diagnosed MM patients, the BCMA expression level of IgG patients was higher than that of IgA or light-chain patients (rank average 11.20 vs 5.44, P=0.014). There was no significant correlation between the BCMA expression and the age and serum creatinine of MM patients (P>0.05). And there was no significant difference in BCMA expression between patients with different levels of age and serum creatinine (P>0.05). But it was found that the BCMA expression level of the newly diagnosed MM patients was moderately positively correlated with their age (P=0.025, r=0.595). There was no significant correlation between the BCMA expression and serum β2-microglobulin, serum lactate dehydrogenase, free kap/lam ratio, and urine β2-microglobulin (P>0.05). But we found that the BCMA expression of patients with high serum β2-microglobulin was higher than that of patients with low serum β2-microglobulin (rank average 28.89 vs 17.54, P=0.017). And the BCMA expression of patients with abnormal serum free kap/lam ratio was higher than that of patients with normal ratio (rank average 28.49 vs 13.55, P=0.004). The BCMA expression was strongly positively correlated with 24-h urine protein, was moderately positively correlated with serum M protein and the percentage of plasma cells in bone marrow, was moderately negatively correlated with albumin and hemoglobin count, and was weakly positively correlated with serum corrected calcium (P<0.05). And it was found that the BCMA expression of positive serum immunofixation electrophoresis patients was higher than that of negative patients (rank average 29.94 vs 16.75, P=0.017). And we try to clarify the relationship between the bone marrow BCMA expression and the peripheral blood sBCMA expression. However, we have not found a clear correlation between them so far (P>0.05).

Serum levels and significance of soluble B-cell maturation antigen in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus with renal involvement

“…In tumor research, a MM study has reported that there was no significant association between sBCMA levels and serum creatinine (SCr). 30 The present study also found poor correlation with renal parameters.…”

“…In tumor research, a MM study has reported that there was no significant association between sBCMA levels and serum creatinine (SCr). 30 The present study also found poor correlation with renal parameters. Renal damage in SLE is not synchronized with immune disruption, and autoantibodies present preceding the initial clinical symptoms by several years.…”

CAR-T-Cell Therapy in Multiple Myeloma: B-Cell Maturation Antigen (BCMA) and Beyond

“…Studies have shown that the BCMA expression is constricted to the mature B-lymphoid compartment, making it a promising target in patients with MM [30]. Many studies have reported the expression of BCMA on MM cells, and selectively on plasma cells in normal tissues [23,31,32]. Clinical samples have also been analyzed to explore the range of BCMA expressions [33,34].…”

Role of Anti-B-Cell Maturation Antigen (BCMA) in the Management of Multiple Myeloma

“…Regarding CRS management, most patients were diagnosed with grade-1 CRS, which was considered manageable [ 32 ]. Humanized BCMA and CD3 BiTes were developed, namely, PF-3135, and although no serious adverse event was reported, the clinical benefit rate was 41%, with 35% of patients displaying stable disease [ 34 , 35 ]. Additionally, BCMAxCD3 BiTes was also developed, called REGN5458; however, the results of the study reported that one out of three patients had stable disease [ 36 ].…”

“…Although no direct comparison was made between the use of anti-BCMA and the usual regimen of multiple myeloma, the regimen using rituximab, lenalidomide, and bendamustine showed a complete response rate of 64%, which was higher compared with anti-BCMA [ 32 ]. However, the results of a case series also reflected the failure of CAR-T-cell therapy, which might be explained by the increase in anti-CAR-T-cell antibodies on the second infusion of the treatment [ 34 ]. The treatment can be used as maintenance therapy due to its minimal adverse effects.…”