Study on the Rational Recycling of Oyster-Shell

Comparison of Oyster Shell Disposal and Recycling Systems Between Korea and China

“…The amount of oyster shells generated in Korea and China was estimated by applying a disposal rate of 81.0% to the number of produced oysters from their respective national statistical data (Baek and Lee, 2020). To compare the oyster shell disposal status and related systems between the two countries, Korea's legislative data was collected from the Korea Maritime Institute, National Assembly Library, and Ministry of Government Legislation, while China's data was collected from online searches of websites of Chinese government agencies, research institutes, and local governments along with telephone surveys as it was not possible to conduct a field survey due to "COVID-19".…”

“…Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 116, 2023 China and Korea are the largest and second-largest oyster producers in the world, respectively, and social costs associated with disposing large amounts of oyster shells has consistently been an issue in both countries (Baek, 2021;Baek and Lee, 2020;Park, 2021). In Korea, as of 2022, the disposal cost of oyster shells was 13 billion Korean won, more than four times than that in 2019 (Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries, 2023).…”

“…While oysters are gaining attention as a source of high-quality protein, only about 20% of the produced oysters are used as a food resource with the remaining 80% mostly considered as waste, creating a social issue (Baek and Lee, 2020). Approximately 96% of an oyster shell is calcium carbonate (CaCO3), and 12% of the shells contain carbon dioxide, which suggests that they may have carbon sequestration potential (Hickey, 2004).…”

Washing Methods for Remove Sodium Chloride from Oyster Shell Waste: A Comparative Study

“…Moreover, it is desirable to utilize shells as resources without disposing them as waste, as they can contribute to an environmental and economic circular economy [5,6]. Both Korea and Southern Brazil have suggested recycling of shells for environmental benefits; as of 2018 [6,7], Japan has recycled 140,000 tons of oyster shells to improve the environment of fishing farms and to enhance the sediment quality by establishing underwater plants [8]. Taiwan generates 34,000 tons of oyster shells, whose disposal into the environment causes sanitation, pollution, and protection issues [9].…”

Evaluation of Washing and Screening for Upgrading the Calcium Content of Oyster Shells Using a Simulated Wet-Type Trommel

“…As per the status of oyster shell management in Korea in 2017 [26,27], only about 53% of the shells separated during the shucking process are recycled as fertilizer or for seedling collection, and about 100,000 tons of shells are not utilized, but instead stored (75,000 tons, 26% of total generated amount) or abandoned (24,000 tons, 8.4% of total generated amount). Moreover, the amount of shells recycled as fertilizer has decreased by about 58% compared with 2011, and the amount of abandoned shells is increasing every year [27]. Most shells that are not recycled are abandoned on the coast, which is the main culprit of environmental pollution in coastal areas.…”