Study on the protective efficacy of SA14-14-2 attenuated Japanese encephalitis against different JE virus isolates circulating in China

Japanese encephalitis vaccines: Immunogenicity, protective efficacy, effectiveness, and impact on the burden of disease

“…22,24,25,27,31,65,70,71,117,120,122,136,[165][166][167] This differential neutralization as well as protection against G-III viruses has also been shown in mouse challenge studies. 168 Other studies have shown no such differences or higher GMTs with the heterologous virus strains. 31,122 As expected from the nature of measurements, most studies have reported differences in GMTs and not SPRs.…”

Construction of an infectious molecular clone of Japanese encephalitis virus genotype V and its derivative subgenomic replicon capable of expressing a foreign gene

“…While the genotype III-based vaccines were shown to elicit enough cross reactive immune responses against genotypes I through IV (Beasley et al, 2004;Erra et al, 2013;Liu et al, 2011), it is unknown whether they are effective against genotype V. Whereas nucleotide and amino acid sequence similarities among genotypes I through IV are over 94% (Hasegawa et al, 1994), the similarities between these genotypes and Muar strain, which belongs to genotype V, are about 80-90% (Hasegawa et al, 1994;Mohammed et al, 2011), indicating that genotype V is relatively divergent from the other four genotypes. Consistently, it was shown that monoclonal antibodies against various strains of JEV genotype III did not significantly neutralize genotype V (Hasegawa et al, 1995).…”

The Immunopathogenesis of Neurotropic Flavivirus Infection

“…Currently, the only live flavivirus vaccines with a relatively good record of safety are against yellow fever (Monath, 2010) and JEV (X. Liu et al, 2011) and the only commercially available live vaccines against WNV are for horses. Two highly purified formalin-inactivated whole virus vaccines against TBEV have been used in Europe since 1976 (FSME Immun, Baxter) and 1999 (Encepur, Novartis) and an efficacy of 99% has been reported in Austria, with no difference between age groups, and no major safety issues reported (Barrett et al, 2003;Heinz et al, 2007).…”

“…Despite considerable effort, the only successful live attenuated vaccine for neurotropic flaviviruses is for JEV (X. Liu et al, 2011), although considerable success has been achieved with a killed vaccine for TBEV (Barrett et al, 2003;Heinz et al, 2007). Treatment for all flavivirus encephalitides remains palliative.…”