Abstract. Aiming at the situation of major underground pipeline collapse accident to happen occasionally, we analyzed the cause of underground cavity, establishing underground pipeline risk index system based on cavity, and then gave the risk classification method of the surrounding environment of underground pipeline. Based on the radar detection data, we used the expert scoring method to calculate the weight of the index at all levels, and assigned its basic indicators . For the first time, we had a risk assessment on the weak section of the underground pipeline, to identify the underground pipeline monitoring points preliminarily, and established the maximum coverage location model, and had a preliminary discussion of cavity monitoring points location around the underground pipeline, to make full use of the present resources, and to realize dynamic monitoring on the cavity evolution around the underground pipeline, and to predict and prevent major underground pipeline accidents effectively and scientificly.