Study on the maximum operation speeds of metro trains for energy saving as well as transport efficiency improvement

The impact of slow ocean steaming on delivery reliability and fuel consumption

“…Feng et al (2011) studied the maximum operation speeds of metro trains for both energy saving and transport efficiency improvement. Li and Lo (2014a) developed an optimization method to improve the operations of metro rail system.…”

Evaluating target speeds of passenger trains in China for energy saving in the effect of different formation scales and traction capacities

“…over 100.00 km/h) to save the travel time of passengers with a comparatively small increase of its TEC is worthwhile. However, the usually very short stop-spacings of metro lines are able to distinctly reduce such time saving effect which consumes energy more intensively [23]. Furthermore, expanding the formation scale of a metro or CLHP train by adding trailers is able to decrease its TEC per unit transport apparently with more transport time spent on the same transport work for the same target speed and the unchanged boarding rate.…”

“…Many studies have been successively made to interpret the relationships between the target speeds of different kinds of trains and the intensities of their traction energy consumptions influenced by multi-factors. They include the alignments of rail tracks [10][11][12], weights of cars [13,14] and different units of a train [15], outputs of engines' powers [16], choices of driving patterns [9,[17][18][19][20], transport time [17,[21][22][23][24][25], running smoothness [15,26], transport distance between neighboring stops [11,22,23], utilizations of carrying capacities [3,27], etc. Though some research has confirmed the effect of the formation scale and traction capacity of a train upon its traction energy cost [9,28], valuable previous studies are still not able to truly clarify the accurate variation of the traction energy cost intensity of a train with improving its target speed in the effect of the formation scale and traction capacity of the train, which is crucial for the traction energy saving.…”

Rational Formations of a Metro Train Improve Its Efficiencies of Both Traction Energy Utilization and Passenger Transport

“…3M1T 4M short stop spacing may make the actually reached maximum speed of a metro train extremely lower than a fairly high target speed [26] in particular for a comparatively small RTC, as reflected in Figure 2.…”