Abstract. With the increasing voltage classes of electric system, voltage stabling issue brings more and more severe constrains to the entire electric system. A throughout analysis of features and mechanism of voltage instability in electric system has guiding significance in assuring stability of the power grid. Taking the voltage of one node as an example, using functions to calculate the functional formula of the node's reactive power and voltage, can lead to the conclusion that by increasing reactive power compensation can not only increase the stability margin of supply voltage of this node, but also its neighboring nodes. This article summarizes several common effective measures of voltage instability, wish to provide references for electrical research and work.