Study on the Intention of Private Parking Space Owners of Different Levels of Cities to Participate in Shared Parking in China

Abstract

The implementation of shared parking program can effectively increase the utilization rate of existing parking space resources. At present, shared parking program has not been widely practiced in China, and the prerequisite for this prospect to be implemented is whether the private parking space owner group can quickly and widely accept shared parking program. In this study, considering the differences in the economic development, urban planning, and parking pressure in cities of different levels, the theory of planned behavior and the benefit-risk perception model (C-TPB-BRA) are combined as the theoretical framework to explore the intention to share parking space from the perspective of the owners of private parking spaces in cities of different levels. Based on China’s empirical data, structural equation models are built to verify the hypotheses proposed. Our results show that (a) the intention of private parking space owners in different levels of cities to participate in shared parking and the mechanism of action of the psychological factors are different, and not all psychological factors have a direct impact on the intention to share. In first-tier, second-tier, and third-tier cities, Subjective Norm (SN) and Perceived Behavioral Control (PBC) indirectly affect Behavior Intention (BI) through Attitude (ATT), Perceived Benefit (PB), and Perceived Risk (PR). In the fourth-tier cities, SN and PBC directly affect BI. Except for BI, other psychological factors influence each other significantly; (b) the psychological factors affecting the intention to supply shared parking spaces in first-tier, second-tier, third-tier, and fourth-tier cities, respectively, are PB > ATT > PR, PB > PR > ATT, PB > PR > ATT, and PB > SN > PBC > ATT > PR. Our research results could help determine the internal factors that affect the intention of parking space suppliers and their mechanisms of action to participate in shared parking, and on that basis, our findings could also help governments and platform operators to promote shared parking development plans.

Investigating Factors for Travelers’ Parking Behavior Intentions in Changchun, China, under the Influence of Smart Parking Systems

“…The TPB comprises three primary components (attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control), which collectively influence behavioral intentions and, ultimately, actual behavior. Researchers have applied the TPB to study parking intentions, emphasizing the effect of social norms on usage frequency [34][35][36][37]. These researchers discovered that both subjective norms (actions of important others) and descriptive norms (actions of the majority) significantly influence parking behavior.…”

Influence Mechanism of Urban Staggered Shared Parking Policy on Behavioral Intentions of Users and Providers Based on Extended Planned Behavior Theory

“…It points out that perceived benefits (PBs) and perceived risks (PRs) are important variables that affect the user's behavioral intention and ultimately influence their decisions. Conversely, PBs and PRs will affect individual behavior attitude and behavior intention [25]. Considered in this paper is research as to which kind of factors influence the two roles, companies and residents, when choosing the urban staggered shared parking behavior.…”

“…Lai Minghui et al [22] focused on the design of shared parking systems, attempting to promote the development of the shared parking field through technological enhancements. In recent years, scholars, such as Xie J [23], Yan Q [24], and Ange W [25], introduced psychological theoretical models to explore the usage intentions of shared parking users, providers, and managers, focusing on the intrinsic influencing elements of shared parking behavior.…”

“…In China, however, the residential portion of shared parking is typically characterized by its strong public interest, not just for commercial gain. A certain amount of research work gives us good inspiration, such as through the analysis of the current state of shared parking, to propose policy recommendations and price models to estimate benefits [25]. Through the construction of the demand prediction model, the sharing strategy was proposed [26], and psychological methods were used to detect the behavioral intentions of shared parking suppliers and demanders.…”

Prospect Theory-Based Two-Sided Satisfied and Stable Matching Mechanism for the Shared Parking Slots Problem

“…Several empirical research studies conducted on aspects of shared parking indicate the impact of perceived value on the transaction between the supplier and the demander of shared parking. Wang et al [40] confrmed that psychological factors afect the choice of shared parking participants and the intention of private parking space owners in diferent levels of cities to participate in shared parking, and the mechanism of action of the psychological factors is diferent and not all psychological factors have a direct impact on the intention to share. Niu et al [7] emphasized that users may turn to conventional parking mode because of concerns about the performance of shared parking modes, and the perceived risk is the key variable leading to a change in parking mode.…”