Study on the influence of constructional parameters on performance of outer layer of thermal protective clothing

Rathour, Rochak; Das, Apurba; Alagirusamy, R.

doi:10.1080/00405000.2022.2124650

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…With the rising tendency of areal density and bulk density of all the samples, porosity decreased. It means that higher bulk density lowers the porosity, which already has been shown by several researchers [17,26]. The same trend was found in this research.…”

Section: Physical Propertiessupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Therefore, the correlation of bulk density with thermal protection and thermal properties can provide some key information. The coefficient of correlation of any dependent variables can give an idea about its independent variables on which it depends more or has a significant impact [17]. For this reason, the coefficient of correlation of bulk density with the thermal protection and thermal properties was measured and tabulated as below: Correlation among the samples compared to bulk density is clearly illustrated in Figure 8.…”

Section: Coefficient Of Correlation Analysis In Terms Of Bulk Densitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rare focus was devoted to the pick density of different weave structures by the researchers to assess thermal protection capabilities. R. Rathour et al examined the protection against heat and comfort performance of meta-aramid fabrics with various weave structures (plain, twill, sateen, honeycomb) and thread densities (two and three-plied) [15,17]. These four structures are not only distinct from one other, but they also exhibit a certain degree of predictability, indicating the presence of differences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Protective and Comfort Performance of Fire Protective Clothing

Islam,

Rathour,

Ibn Amin

et al. 2024

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The study examined the fire protection performance of several woven products. Given that the comfort and fire protection properties of fire protective clothing (FPC) are opposite, it is important to consider the specific needs of firefighters when selecting the most suitable structure from various plain-woven derivatives, such as plain, basket, and ripstop. The yarn used was Nomex IIIA, which is a type of meta-aramid fibre. To achieve different thread densities, the pick density was adjusted while keeping the end density constant. The physical characteristics, thermal protective performance, thermal resistance, thermal conductivity, water vapour transmission rate and air permeability of all samples were assessed according to the appropriate standards. The goal was to identify the weave structure with the highest performance and the most optimal thread density. The basket weave structure was proposed as a fire protective clothing (FPC) having comfort qualities at a moderate level. Furthermore, increased density provided enhanced fire resistance, however, comfort must be sacrificed. Thus, to achieve a balance between fire protection and comfort, it was recommended to choose a thread density that is of an average level and the suggestion made by this research is to use the fabric as a basket weave design with an ends per inch of approximately 42, it is recommended to retain the pick density within the range of 46 with 44 tex Nomex IIIA yarn. The results of this study may be replicated in other designs using Nomex IIIA and comparable types of cloth and weave specifications.

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Section: Physical Propertiessupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Coefficient Of Correlation Analysis In Terms Of Bulk Densitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Protective and Comfort Performance of Fire Protective Clothing

Islam,

Rathour,

Ibn Amin

et al. 2024

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“…The objective evaluation method is an evaluation method that uses objectively changing data that can be specifically measured and the results derived by instruments [94]. This evaluation method mainly evaluates the thermal and moisture comfort of garments from the following aspects: (1) using the thermal and humidity properties of textile materials as well as the thermal and humidity properties of the entire garment to evaluate the thermal and humidity comfort of the garment [95]; (2) using the garment microenvironment as the basis for the study of thermal and humidity comfort, and reflecting the influence of fabrics on the human body's sense of comfort by measuring the changes in temperature and humidity of the climatic region between the fabric and the skin, and proposing evaluation indices [96]; (3) analyzing human physiological data, clothing physiology points out some important physiological indexes, including body core temperature [97], average skin temperature [90], average body temperature, metabolic heat production, heat balance difference, heat loss, perspiration, heart rate [98], and blood pressure [99,100].…”

Section: Objective Evaluation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personal Wearable Thermal and Moisture Management Clothing: A Review on Its Recent Trends and Performance Evaluation Methods

Zhou,

Zhao,

Guo

et al. 2023

Processes

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Personal wearable systems designed to manage temperature and moisture are gaining popularity due to their potential to enhance human thermal comfort, safety, and energy efficiency, particularly in light of climate change and energy shortages. This article presents the mechanisms of thermal and moisture management, recent advances in wearable systems for human thermal and moisture management, and methods for their performance evaluation. It evaluates the pros and cons of various systems. The study finds that most wearable systems for thermal and moisture management are being examined as individual topics. However, human heat and moisture management have noteworthy interactions and impacts on human thermal comfort. There are certain limitations in the methods used for evaluating personal heat and moisture management in wearable systems. This review suggests future research directions for wearable systems to advance this field and overcome these limitations.

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“…Das et al, Sun et al, Kutlu and Cireli investigated the effectiveness of areal density concerning fire-protective performance and drew similar conclusions, but they considered it less significant for fire-protective clothing [20][21][22]. Rathour et al analyzed the effect of different structures and pick density and they observed that a honeycomb is a better-woven structure compared to other weaves [23]. Udayraj et al concluded that Stoll's second-degree burn times in the case of both radiant heat and flame are directly proportional to pick density and inversely proportional to heat flux but missing https://doi.org/10.31881/TLR.2023.213 the effect of air gap, low level of heat flux and high level of pick density [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Outer Layer Performance of Fire Protective Clothing

Rathour,

Maurya,

Das

et al. 2024

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In the present study, an attempt has been made to analyse the protection performance of fire-protective clothing. Various exposures to the same fabric in different configurations result in different protection performances. Box-Behnken experiment design was used to optimize the process parameters such as pick density (P), heat flux (Q), and air gap (D). Through surface methodology response, the relationship among the process parameters such as pick density (P), heat flux (Q), and air gap (D) was established. The experimental multi-parametric equation for calculating the radiant protection time (RT) and flame protection time (FT) was acquired. The fabric used was developed with 2/40 Ne Nomex IIIA yarns. The pick density (P) ranged from 40 to 64 picks per inch, heat flux (Q) ranged from 0.5 to 1.5 cal/cm2/sec, and air gap (D) ranged from 0 to 25 mm. To experimentally determine the level of protection, Stoll criteria were used. The experimental and predicted protection time values show a high correlation coefficient value (R2 = 0.985 for radiant and 0.978 for flame). The maximum improvement in protection was obtained at a high level of air gap (25 mm), low level of heat flux (0.5 cal/cm2/sec) and low level of pick density (40 picks per inch). Obtained results, calculations and equations will help researchers explore the empirical equation of the Box-Behnken model and other surface response curves. The values of protection time, in the specified range of the process parameters, by a single calculation could be possible to obtain.

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Study on the influence of constructional parameters on performance of outer layer of thermal protective clothing

Cited by 7 publications

References 34 publications

Protective and Comfort Performance of Fire Protective Clothing

Protective and Comfort Performance of Fire Protective Clothing

Personal Wearable Thermal and Moisture Management Clothing: A Review on Its Recent Trends and Performance Evaluation Methods

Analysis of the Outer Layer Performance of Fire Protective Clothing

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