Study on the in vitro culture of cut plants in wheat haploid embryo induction by a wheat × maize cross

Abstract

Study on the in vitro culture of cut plants in wheat haploid embryo induction by a wheat 6 maize cross E Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag 2008Abstract The wheat 6 maize system is one of the most effective ways to produce haploids in wheat. Whether and how it could be successfully applied in practical breeding mostly depends upon the efficiency of haploid embryo production. To perfect the protocols of haploid embryo induction, the efficiency of haploid embryo production between in vitro culture of cut plant and intact plant growth for hybrid spikes with two F 1 wheat hybrids and two maize varieties was compared. Effects of different cutting plant times and formulas of nutrient solutions for cut plant culture on haploid embryo formation were also studied. Results indicated that the embryo rate of in vitro culture was 3.29 times that of intact plant growth, with the figures of 31.6% vs 9.6%, respectively. The optimal time for cut plant culture was 24 h after pollination. Formulas of nutrient solutions significantly affected the efficiency of haploid embryo induction. With an embryo rate of 0-35.5%, adding calcium phosphate in the culture solution at 3 g?L 21 could raise the caryopsis and embryo rates. According to this study, the best medium for cut plant culture was: 100 mg?L 21 2,4-D + 40 g?L 21 sucrose + 10 mg?L 21 silver nitrate + 8 mL?L 21 sulfurous acid + 3 g?L 21 calcium phosphate, with which a caryopsis rate of 95% and an embryo rate of about 30% could be obtained.Keywords wide cross between wheat and maize, in vitro culture of cut plants, haploid embryo induction

Efficient development of practically usable thermo-photo sensitive genic male sterile lines in wheat through doubled haploid breeding

“…Variance analysis showed that there were significant difference in embryo rate (P=0.00) and haploid seedling rate (P=0.00) among different combinations, which indicated that embryo rate and haploid seedling rate were more susceptible to genotypic influence. The averages of embryo rate, seedling rate of embryos and chromosome doubling rate of seedlings were 36.76%, 62.65% and 86.42% respectively, exhibiting good efficiency in DH production as showed in our previous study [22]. Figure 1), which facilitates mass production of wheat DHs by wheat ´ maize crosses because plenty of fresh pollens are available from naturally and repeatedly planted maize plants from late April to early November [22][23][24][25][26].…”

“…For DH production, an improved protocol [22,23] was adopted. Wheat spikes were pollinated with fresh maize pollen 24 to 48 hours after emasculation.…”

Development of thermo-photo sensitive genic male sterile lines in wheat using doubled haploid breeding

“…of seedlings germinated from every 100 inoculated embryos, P=0.00) among different combinations, suggesting that embryo rate and haploid seedling rate were more susceptible to genotypes. The averages of embryo rate, seedling rate of embryos and chromosome doubling rate of seedlings were 36.76%, 62.65% and 86.42% respectively, exhibiting a good efficiency in DH production as demonstrated in our previous studies [25][26][27][28][29]. Temperate climate at Kunming, especially from May to October, allows planting spring and vernalized winter wheat materials throughout the year under natural condition ( Fig.…”

Development of haploid embryos and plants of Lactuca sativa induced by distant pollination with Helianthus annuus and H. tuberosus

“…The bulbosum method-using in order to induce the elimination of paternal chromosomes of embryo cells has been applied to several species, such as Hordeum vulgare L., after crossing with H. bulbosum L. A process of elimination of bulbous barley chromosomes was observed in hybrid embryos (Kasha and Kao 1970). Haploid embryos were also obtained after crossing wheat and maize (Gu et al 2008). 4.…”