Study on the Identification and Classification of Key Influencing Factors of Debris-Flow-Prone Areas in Liaoning Province Based on Self-organizing Clustering and Sensitivity Analysis

Abstract

Due to the characteristics of sudden occurrence, fast disaster speed, and severe damage, debris-flow disasters can easily result in the loss of human lives and cause serious damage to property and social infrastructure. In this study, taking the debris-flow events in Liaoning province from 1960 to 2020 as the study period, the natural geographical characteristics and key influencing factors of the debris-flow-prone areas were explored utilizing the self-organization mapping clustering method and nonlinear global sensitivity analysis. The main conclusions were as follows: (1) The key influencing factors of debris flow are the content of clay, sand, and silt; the first type of debris flow is sensitive to the fluctuation in slope and elevation; the second and third types of debris flows are more significantly affected by changes in land use and geomorphology; the third type of debris flow is weakly sensitive the NDVI value, vegetation type, slope direction, and soil type; (2) The first type of debris flow was widely distributed, mainly located in most of the hills of eastern and the southwest part of Liaoning province; the focus of the second type of debris flow focus was further in Xiuyan County and scattered in the hills of northeast Liaoning province; the third type of debris flow was mainly distributed on the peninsula of Liaodong and the southwest of Liaoning province. (3) When the clay content is 12–27%, sand content is 49–70%, silt content is 18–29%, the elevation is 0–500 m, the slope is 0°–30°, and the land use is at the junction of arable land, medium cover grassland, and forested land, etc., debris flow disasters are very likely to occur.

Self-Organizing Control Systems for Nonlinear Spacecraft in the Class of Structurally Stable Mappings

“…As we march into an era where space missions are not just the purview of government agencies but also private enterprises, the demand for more sophisticated control mechanisms that can maneuver nonlinear spacecraft effectively and efficiently is on the rise [2]. The objective of this research paper is to elucidate one such advanced technique-self-organizing control systems [3] for nonlinear spacecraft within the paradigm of structurally stable mappings.…”