Study on the Glare Phenomenon and Time-Varying Characteristics of Luminance in the Access Zone of the East–West Oriented Tunnel

Abstract

In response to the special feature of the east–west oriented road tunnel entrance being easily exposed to direct sunlight, a study was conducted on the glare phenomenon at the access zone for this type of tunnel and on the time-varying characteristics of the L20(S) value outside the tunnel. First, the actual situation of luminance difference inside and outside the tunnel was considered. Field tests were carried out in a 20° field of view of the human eye within a stopping distance. Then, the environment paraments outside the tunnel were collected by combining the environment schematic method with the digital camera method. Finally, the differences and time-varying characteristics between the measured and recommended values of luminance outside the tunnel were analyzed. The PGSV daylight calculation model was used to analyze the glare effect in the 20° field of view of the human eye. The results indicate that the luminance L20(S) outside the tunnel towards the east (west) generally shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, and reaches its maximum value in the morning (afternoon). The difference in the contribution ratio of luminance inside and outside the tunnel for this type shows an overall trend of first increasing and then decreasing, and the maximum difference appears in the morning (afternoon), reaching about 97% and 96% respectively. The time-varying characteristics of glare in the access zone of an east (west) oriented road tunnel are roughly consistent with the variation trend of the luminance L20(S) outside the tunnel and exceed the intolerable glare limit. Due to direct sunlight, the luminance outside the tunnel is too high, resulting in an uncomfortable glare that the driver cannot tolerate, becoming more serious after rainfall, and which affects driving comfort and safety.

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“…Artificial light sources have become an indispensable part of human life and production, and creating a visually comfortable lighting environment (including building internal walls, underground spaces, road tunnels, etc.) has received more and more attention. − The resulting rise in electricity consumption for lighting is also gradually emerging. , At the same time, there are still lighting quality problems such as dim light, “black hole”, and “white hole” effects in highway tunnels under such high lighting power consumption, which buries serious safety hazards. − At present, the addition of LED lighting facilities is considered to be one of the most effective solutions to solve the lighting quality problem. , However, adding lighting facilities can lead to problems such as high power consumption and high maintenance costs. Therefore, reducing the energy consumption of lamps based on improving the lighting environment has crucial scientific value and social and economic significance.…”