Study on the freezing temperature of saline soil

Xiao, Zean; Lai, Yuanming; Zhang, Mingyi

doi:10.1007/s11440-017-0537-1

Cited by 61 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The correlation between unfrozen water content and temperature is described by the phase composition curve (Anderson & Tice, 1972; Liu & Yu, 2013; Lovell, 1957). Soluble salts (e.g., Na 2 SO 4 , NaCl , and Na 2 CO 3 ) are common components in the natural soils in the cold and arid regions of China and elsewhere (Han et al, 2018; Wang et al, 2020; Xu, 1993), and the freezing points of pore water solutions are also depressed by the solutes (Banin & Anderson, 1974; Bouyoucos & McCool, 1916; Wan & Yang, 2020; Xiao et al, 2018). The solubility of the salts is governed by the temperature, and the solute will precipitate from the pore solution as hydrate crystal when the solute concentration approaches or exceeds the solubility, which also consumes the unfrozen water (Pronk, 2006; Steiger & Asmussen, 2008; Wan et al, 2017; Xu et al, 2001; Zhang, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simplified Model for the Phase Composition Curve of Saline Soils Considering the Second Phase Transition

Wang

Liu

et al. 2021

Water Resources Research

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Phase composition curves are the basis for the thermo‐hydraulic analysis of saline soil in cold regions. Two types of phase transition, namely, the water‐ice and solution‐crystal phase transitions, would occur in saline soils due to the variation in temperature and migration of moisture and solute, and the occurrence order of the two types of phase transition is governed by the initial salt and water content. This study proposed a conceptual model for the water phase composition curve in saline soils by simplifying the correlation between pore solution properties and soil grain. This model was subsequently applied to the analysis of phase composition characteristics and explained the occurrence of a second phase transition in saline soil. The model was validated by the experimental data from known soils and showed both good results and ease of use when compared to three previous models. The conceptual model provides a convenient and intuitive way to understand the phase composition characteristics of pore solution in saline soil in cold regions and is also easy to use in the thermo‐hydraulic analysis such as the prediction of unfrozen water content and solute concentration.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simplified Model for the Phase Composition Curve of Saline Soils Considering the Second Phase Transition

Wang

Liu

et al. 2021

Water Resources Research

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“…Based on the equation for calculating the freezing temperature of saline soil, 18 the freezing temperatures ( T f ) of saline soil under different experimental conditions were analyzed. It is well known that the freezing temperature of pore water is lower than that of pure bulk water, owing to the effects of mineral surface forces, solute, supercooling, and ice–water interface curvature.…”

Section: Results and Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Solute will migrate with water from the unfrozen zone toward the freezing fringe. The lowering of freezing temperature and the increase in unfrozen water content in the frozen zone result from an increase of solute concentration in pores 17–20 . Crystallization in pores changes the internal structure and reduces the hydraulic conductivity 21,22 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the mechanism of crystallization deformation of sulfate saline soil during the unidirectional freezing process

Zhang

Lai

Yan-hu

et al. 2020

Permafrost & Periglacial

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The freezing of sulfate saline soil involves the coupling effect of heat and mass transfer and crystallization deformation. The influence of salt content and temperature on the crystallization of ice and salt was analyzed by using a one‐side freezing experiment. Based on the effect of solute and temperature on water activity, a crystallization kinetics model of ice–water phase change in saline soil was established. The application of supersaturation in the crystallization kinetics model of solution–crystal phase change is improved with the Frezchem model. The calculated results are compared with experimental data to validate the effectiveness of the proposed model. the study shows that: (a) crystallization can be well illustrated by the proposed model based on the concepts of the formation factor of ice crystals and solution supersaturation; (b) convection and diffusion are the main means of salt redistribution, which cause the accumulation of salt above the freezing front and the formation of discontinuously distributed–layered salt crystal zones; and (c) the alternate crystallization of ice and salt increases variation i solute concentration and then increases crystallization pressure, which leads to the deformation of salt expansion.

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“…Some scholars have explored the effect of salt on the freezing point based on the principles of physical chemistry, in which a theoretical or semi‐empirical model of the characteristics of an electrolyte solution is used to calculate the water activity in the soil solution at low temperatures. The validity of the model has been verified by experimental results 17–19 . However, such research does not consider the temperature of ice nucleation and the mechanism of ice formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Study on ice nucleation temperature and water freezing in saline soils

Wan

Liu

Qiu

2020

Permafrost & Periglacial

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This paper presents a computational model of the freezing point of soil and the nucleation rate of ice based on the soil volume for saline soils. Physicochemical methods and crystallization theory are used to explore the macroscopic mechanism of water freezing induced by ice crystallization, and the influence of water undercooling is discussed with regard to different soil volumes and salt contents. Growth sites, shapes, and sizes of ice crystals are determined by an assumption of heterogeneous nucleation, and the contact angle is introduced to represent a wide range of soils. The relationship between the initial contact angle and the salt content is analyzed quantitatively through an indoor cooling test and thermal difference analysis. Moreover, the van Genuchten model is applied to provide an equation for the unfrozen water content in salty soils, and the probability of ice formation is introduced to investigate the variation of contact angle during the soil freezing process. This study shows that the initial radius of an ice crystal decreases as the salt concentration decreases. The temperature of ice nucleation is determined mainly by the contact angle of ice crystals, which decreases as the soil volume increases and results in decreased supercooling.

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Study on the freezing temperature of saline soil

Cited by 61 publications

References 10 publications

A Simplified Model for the Phase Composition Curve of Saline Soils Considering the Second Phase Transition

A Simplified Model for the Phase Composition Curve of Saline Soils Considering the Second Phase Transition

Study on the mechanism of crystallization deformation of sulfate saline soil during the unidirectional freezing process

Study on ice nucleation temperature and water freezing in saline soils

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