Study on the Fluid Flow Characteristics of Coherent Jets with CO2 and O2 Mixed Injection in Electric Arc Furnace Steelmaking Processes

Investigation on Coherent Jet Potential Core Length in an Electric Arc Furnace

“…There is no significant expansion shockwave noticed in this simulation, due to the assumption that the converging‐diverging geometry is neglected while the boundary conditions were calculated at the nozzle exit. For simulations including the converging‐diverging nozzle geometry, an expansion shockwave will be noticed . Therefore, the validation shows that the CFD predictions are in good agreement with the measurements.…”

“…The combustion temperature is lower by using the 28‐step chemical reaction mechanism due to more intermediate species such as CH 3 , CH 2 O, OH, that are generated in the reactions. Both the one‐step and two‐step reaction mechanisms predict the highest flame temperature as being over 4800 K, which is over‐predicted compared to the GRI‐Mech 3.0 prediction . The over‐prediction of the temperature is caused by the use of chemical reaction kinetics and radiation model for natural gas‐air combustion instead of natural gas‐oxygen combustion .…”

“…The eddy dissipation (ED) combustion model with simplified one‐step methane‐oxygen reaction mechanism was applied to simulate the combustion process. Validation of the CFD model was conducted by comparing the jet axial velocity with the measurements obtained by Anderson et al Wei et al also studied the coherent jet with CO 2 and O 2 mixed injection simulation. The eddy dissipation concept combustion model was applied and used GRI‐Mech 3.0 mechanisms to calculate the methane‐oxygen combustion.…”

“…Alam et al use model modifications for conventional supersonic jet and coherent jet. However, Wei et al either use the standard k‐epsilon turbulence model or change the model constant. Selection of combustion model reaction mechanism is another critical factor that will affect the prediction of jet flow properties.…”

“…However, the computational expenses will limit the use of the model for industrial applications. Alam et al use a one‐step CH 4 ‐O 2 combustion reaction, while Wei et al use GRI‐Mech 3.0 for CH 4 ‐O 2 combustion reactions.…”