Study on the degradation of different types of backsheets used in PV module under accelerated conditions

Kim, Namsu; Kang, Hyun-Woo; Hwang, Kyu Hong; Han, Changwoon; Hong, Won Sik; Kim, Dajung; Lyu, Eonjoo; Kim, Hwanyeon

doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2013.09.036

Cited by 62 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Degradation of the backsheet including blistering and cracking (Figure A) is commonly observed in field and after accelerated testing and can compromise module reliability . Mechanical characterization of backsheets has mostly involved delamination and tensile testing; however, there remains a significant lack of understanding in the cracking or tearing properties in spite of their importance to the reliability of PV modules.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tearing and reliability of photovoltaic module backsheets

Yuen

Moffitt

Novoa³

et al. 2019

Progress in Photovoltaics

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The backsheet in photovoltaic modules belongs to an important class of layered materials where the tearing behavior of the individual layers does not necessarily represent the tearing behavior of the entire backsheet. Such characteristic arises from the interaction between the individual layers during the tearing process, where one layer of the backsheet is mechanically constrained by its neighboring layers and the layers may debond from each other. The mechanical constraint and debonding change the amount of energy dissipated during tearing and affect the overall tearing energy. In this work, we exposed a wide selection of backsheets with polymers including ethylene‐vinyl acetate (EVA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) to damp heat (85°C/85%RH) for up to 2000 hours. We report on the effect of damp heat on the tearing energy as a function of damp heat exposure. We developed a model that describes the tearing energy of a layered structure by accounting for the tearing of the individual layers in the backsheet, the effect of mechanical constraint, and the adhesive debonding between the layers. Additionally, we explore the relationship between the microstructural change in the polymers which resulted from the damp heat exposure and the mechanical properties using modulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC), small and wide angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS and WAXS), and tensile testing.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tearing and reliability of photovoltaic module backsheets

Yuen

Moffitt

Novoa³

et al. 2019

Progress in Photovoltaics

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“…Extensive efforts have been made to characterize the backsheet degradation based on changes in yellowing, chemical structure and microstructure, tensile strength, adhesion strength, and other bulk thermo or mechanical properties . However, limited studies have investigated backsheet cracking, probably because it is challenging to reproduce the cracking observed in the field using accelerated aging tests.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel test method for quantifying cracking propensity of photovoltaic backsheets after ultraviolet exposure

Lin

Jacobs

et al. 2018

Progress in Photovoltaics

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Surface cracking in multilayered backsheets is one of the common failure modes for field photovoltaic (PV) modules, leading to safety concerns. However, the current IEC qualification tests such as IEC 61215 cannot adequately predict the backsheet cracking in fielded modules. Moreover, little is known about effect of key environmental factors on the cracking behaviors of backsheets. In this study, a novel test method combining accelerated weathering with in situ surface cracking monitoring during tensile deformation is developed to quantify cracking propensity of backsheets after aging. A polyester‐based backsheet was selected, and 4 environmental conditions (UV/85°C/5% relative humidity (RH), UV/85°C/60% RH, 85°C/5% RH, 85°C/60% RH) were used for backsheet aging. The relationship between material degradation and crack formation of the backsheet under different environmental conditions is discussed. The channel cracks (fragmentation) perpendicular to the loading direction were only observed on the UV‐aged samples, not on those unaged or aged without UV irradiation. Moisture played a synergistic role with UV in the formation of surface cracking. Mode I fracture toughness (KIC) of the embrittled surface layer obtained from this test dropped by 98% relative to fresh samples, indicating a much higher cracking propensity of this backsheet after UV exposure. The proposed method was further validated by fragmentation tests of outdoor‐exposed backsheet samples. This method can serve as a quantitative tool to evaluate the cracking propensity of backsheets for a better material selection and lifetime prediction of PV modules.

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“…Recycling of polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon and CdTe photovoltaic panels was studied and investigated with different techniques and processes to get the best recovery of these materials (Cyrs et al, 2014;Granata et al, 2014;Marwede et al, 2013). A study has been done on the degradation of different types of backsheet used in PV module which can be used in recycled PV module (Kim et al, 2014). The market price of the derived materials is an important factor for deciding the profitability of the recycling process and this illustrates the importance of recovering the glass and expensive metals from PV modules with various efficient methods (Choi and Fthenakis, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of old, recycled and new PV modules

Ashfaq

Hussain

Giri

2017

Journal of King Saud University - Engineering Sciences

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This paper presents comparative analysis of old, recycled and new PV modules. It is possible to recycle even very old products by modern standard processes in a value-conserving manner. About 90% of the materials recovered from solar panels can be recycled into useful products. Carbon emission and energy cost are low in manufacturing recycled SPV. Modules can be manufactured with recycled materials and reinstalled in systems as a full quality product with today's technology good for another 25-30 years. Analysis of all the models of PV module is done with the help of MATLAB. This helps in comparison and proves the effectiveness of the recycled PV module based systems.ª 2014 Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University.

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Study on the degradation of different types of backsheets used in PV module under accelerated conditions

Cited by 62 publications

References 17 publications

Tearing and reliability of photovoltaic module backsheets

Tearing and reliability of photovoltaic module backsheets

A novel test method for quantifying cracking propensity of photovoltaic backsheets after ultraviolet exposure

Comparative analysis of old, recycled and new PV modules

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